I-World Health Organization ilinganisela ukuthi abantu abangaphezu kwezigidi ezingu-785 abanawo umthombo ohlanzekile wamanzi okuphuza.Yize noma u-71% womhlaba umbozwe ngamanzi olwandle, asikwazi ukuwaphuza.
Ososayensi emhlabeni wonke bebesebenza kanzima ukuze bathole indlela ephumelelayo yokukhipha usawoti emanzini olwandle ngemali ephansi.Manje, iqembu lososayensi baseNingizimu Korea kungenzeka selithole indlela yokuhlanza amanzi olwandle ngemizuzu nje embalwa.
Amanzi ahlanzekile adingekayo emisebenzini yabantu enza kuphela u-2.5% wesamba semithombo yamanzi ekhona emhlabeni.Ukushintsha kwezimo zezulu kuye kwaholela ekushintsheni kwezulu kanye nokomisa kwemifula, okwenza amazwe amemezele ukushoda kwamanzi okokuqala ngqa emlandweni wawo.Akumangazi ukuthi ukukhipha usawoti emanzini kuyindlela elula yokuxazulula le nkinga.Kodwa lezi zinqubo zinemikhawulo yazo.
Lapho usebenzisa ulwelwesi ukuhlunga amanzi olwandle, ulwelwesi kufanele lugcinwe lomile isikhathi eside.Uma ulwelwesi luba manzi, inqubo yokuhlunga ngeke isebenze futhi ivumele usawoti omningi ukuba udlule kulwelwesi.Ukuze usebenze isikhathi eside, ukumanzisa kancane kancane kwe-membrane kuvame ukubonwa, okungaxazululwa ngokufaka esikhundleni se-membrane.
Lapho usebenzisa ulwelwesi ukuhlunga amanzi olwandle, ulwelwesi kufanele lugcinwe lomile isikhathi eside.Uma ulwelwesi luba manzi, inqubo yokuhlunga ngeke isebenze futhi ivumele usawoti omningi ukuba udlule kulwelwesi.Ukuze usebenze isikhathi eside, ukumanzisa kancane kancane kwe-membrane kuvame ukubonwa, okungaxazululwa ngokufaka esikhundleni se-membrane.
I-hydrophobicity ye-membrane iyasiza ngoba ukwakheka kwayo akuvumeli ama-molecule amanzi ukuba adlule.
Esikhundleni salokho, umehluko wezinga lokushisa usetshenziswa ezinhlangothini ezimbili zefilimu ukuze kuhwamuke amanzi ukusuka komunye umkhawulo ube ngumhwamuko wamanzi.Lolu lwelwesi luvumela umhwamuko ukuba udlule bese ujiya uye ohlangothini olupholile.Okubizwa ngokuthi i-membrane distillation, lena yindlela evame ukusetshenziswa yokukhipha usawoti emanzini.Njengoba izinhlayiya zikasawoti zingaguqulelwa esimweni segesi, zishiywe ngakolunye uhlangothi lwe-membrane, zinikeza amanzi ahlanzekile kakhulu ngakolunye uhlangothi.
Abacwaningi baseNingizimu Korea baphinde basebenzisa i-silica airgel enqubweni yabo yokukhiqiza ulwelwesi, okuthuthukisa nokugeleza komhwamuko wamanzi kulwelwesi, okuholela ekufinyeleleni ngokushesha emanzini akhishwe usawoti.Ithimba lihlole ubuchwepheshe balo izinsuku ezingu-30 zilandelana futhi lathola ukuthi ulwelwesi lungakwazi ukuhlunga ngokuqhubekayo u-99.9% kasawoti.
Esikhundleni salokho, umehluko wezinga lokushisa usetshenziswa ezinhlangothini ezimbili zefilimu ukuze kuhwamuke amanzi ukusuka komunye umkhawulo ube ngumhwamuko wamanzi.Lolu lwelwesi luvumela umhwamuko ukuba udlule bese ujiya uye ohlangothini olupholile.Okubizwa ngokuthi i-membrane distillation, lena yindlela evame ukusetshenziswa yokukhipha usawoti emanzini.Njengoba izinhlayiya zikasawoti zingaguqulelwa esimweni segesi, zishiywe ngakolunye uhlangothi lwe-membrane, zinikeza amanzi ahlanzekile kakhulu ngakolunye uhlangothi.
Abacwaningi baseNingizimu Korea baphinde basebenzisa i-silica airgel enqubweni yabo yokukhiqiza ulwelwesi, okuthuthukisa nokugeleza komhwamuko wamanzi kulwelwesi, okuholela ekufinyeleleni ngokushesha emanzini akhishwe usawoti.Ithimba lihlole ubuchwepheshe balo izinsuku ezingu-30 zilandelana futhi lathola ukuthi ulwelwesi lungakwazi ukuhlunga ngokuqhubekayo u-99.9% kasawoti.
Isikhathi sokuthumela: Jul-09-2021