I-World Health Organisation ilinganisa ukuthi abantu abangaphezu kwezigidi ezingama-785 abanawo umthombo ohlanzekile wamanzi okuphuza. Noma u-71% womhlaba wambozwa ngamanzi olwandle, ngeke siphuze amanzi.
Ososayensi emhlabeni wonke bebelokhu besebenza kanzima ukuthola indlela ephumelelayo yokuyeka amanzi olwandle ashibhile. Manje, iqembu labasosayensi baseNingizimu Afrika kungenzeka bathole indlela yokuhlanza amanzi olwandle endabeni yemizuzu.
Amanzi amasha adingekayo emisebenzini yabantu i-akhawunti kuphela ama-2,5% wemithombo etholakalayo yamanzi etholakalayo emhlabeni. Izimo eziguqukayo zesimo sezulu ziholele ekushintsheni kwezulu nokomisa imifula, okushukumisela amazwe ukumemezela ukusweleka kwamanzi okokuqala emlandweni wabo. Akumangazi ukuthi indlela indlela elula yokuxazulula le nkinga. Kepha lezi zinqubo zinokulinganiselwa kwazo.
Lapho usebenzisa ulwelwesi lokuhlunga amanzi olwandle, ulwelwesi kufanele lugcinwe lomile isikhathi eside. Uma ulwelwelwesi lumanzi, inqubo yokuhlunga izophumelela futhi ivumele usawoti omkhulu ukuthi adlule ngolwelwesi. Ngokuhlinzwa isikhathi eside, ukuthambeka kancane kancane kwe-membrane kuvame ukubonwa, okungaxazululwa ngokubuyisela ulwelwesi.
Lapho usebenzisa ulwelwesi lokuhlunga amanzi olwandle, ulwelwesi kufanele lugcinwe lomile isikhathi eside. Uma ulwelwelwesi lumanzi, inqubo yokuhlunga izophumelela futhi ivumele usawoti omkhulu ukuthi adlule ngolwelwesi. Ngokuhlinzwa isikhathi eside, ukuthambeka kancane kancane kwe-membrane kuvame ukubonwa, okungaxazululwa ngokubuyisela ulwelwesi.
I-hydrophobicicity yolwelwesi luyasiza ngoba ukwakhiwa kwalo akuvumeli ama-molecule wamanzi ukuba adlule.
Esikhundleni salokho, umehluko wokushisa usetshenziswa ezinhlangothini zombili zefilimu ukuhwamuka namanzi asuka emphethweni owodwa abe yimopha lamanzi. Lo membrane uvumela umphunga wamanzi ukuthi adlule lapho bese avumelana ohlangothini olupholile. Ubizwa ngokuthi i-membrane distillation, le yindlela ejwayelekile yokusetshenziswa kwe-membrane desalination. Njengoba izinhlayiya kasawoti aziguqulwanga ziye eGaseous State, zishiywe ohlangothini olulodwa lolwelwesi, zinikeza amanzi ahlanzeke ngakolunye uhlangothi.
Abaphenyi baseNingizimu Korea basebenzise iSilica Airgel kwinqubo yabo yokukhiqiza uMembrane, okuthi futhi bathuthukise ukugeleza komugqa wamanzi ngolwelwesi, okuholela ekufinyeleleni ngokushesha emanzini akhulisiwe. Iqembu lahlola ubuchwepheshe babo ezinsukwini ezingama-30 zilandelana futhi bathola ukuthi ulwelwesi lungahlambulula ngokuqhubekayo ngo-99.9% kasawoti.
Esikhundleni salokho, umehluko wokushisa usetshenziswa ezinhlangothini zombili zefilimu ukuhwamuka namanzi asuka emphethweni owodwa abe yimopha lamanzi. Lo membrane uvumela umphunga wamanzi ukuthi adlule lapho bese avumelana ohlangothini olupholile. Ubizwa ngokuthi i-membrane distillation, le yindlela ejwayelekile yokusetshenziswa kwe-membrane desalination. Njengoba izinhlayiya kasawoti aziguqulwanga ziye eGaseous State, zishiywe ohlangothini olulodwa lolwelwesi, zinikeza amanzi ahlanzeke ngakolunye uhlangothi.
Abaphenyi baseNingizimu Korea basebenzise iSilica Airgel kwinqubo yabo yokukhiqiza uMembrane, okuthi futhi bathuthukise ukugeleza komugqa wamanzi ngolwelwesi, okuholela ekufinyeleleni ngokushesha emanzini akhulisiwe. Iqembu lahlola ubuchwepheshe babo ezinsukwini ezingama-30 zilandelana futhi bathola ukuthi ulwelwesi lungahlambulula ngokuqhubekayo ngo-99.9% kasawoti.
Isikhathi sePosi: Jul-09-2021
