izindaba

Ukubhamuza, indlela ebucayi nesetshenziswa kabanzi ekuhlanganiseni okuphoqelelwe, kuthinta kakhulu futhi kuyinkimbinkimbi izinqubo zokucwebezela kanye nokuhlanganisa ingilazi encibilikisiwe. Nasi ukuhlaziywa okuningiliziwe.

1. Isimiso Sobuchwepheshe Bokuphuphuma

Ukubhamuza kuhilela ukufaka imigqa eminingi yama-bubbler (ama-nozzle) phansi kwesithando sokuncibilikisa (ngokuvamile engxenyeni yokugcina yendawo yokuncibilikisa noma indawo yokucwebezela). Igesi ethile, ngokuvamile umoya ocindezelwe, i-nitrogen, noma igesi engasebenzi, ifakwa engilazini encibilikisiwe eshisa kakhulu ngendlela eqhubekayo noma eqhubekayo. Igesi iyakhula futhi ikhuphuke ngengilazi encibilikisiwe, idale izinsika zama-bubbles akhuphukayo.

2. Umphumela Wokuqhakaza Enqubweni Yokucwebezela (Okuhle Kakhulu)

Ukubhamuza kusiza kakhulu ukususa amabhamuza egesi, ngaleyo ndlela kucwebezele ingilazi.

Ukukhuthaza Ukususwa Kwamabhamuza

Umphumela Wokuncela: Indawo enomfutho ophansi yakheka ngemuva kwamabhamuza amakhulu, akhuphukayo, okudala "umphumela wokupompa." Lokhu kudonsa ngempumelelo, kuqoqe, futhi kuhlanganise amabhamuza amancane avela engilazini encibilikisiwe ezungezile, kuwathwale aye phezulu ukuze akhishwe.

Ukuncishiswa Kwegesi Okuncishisiwe: Igesi efakwe, ikakhulukazi igesi engasebenzi, inganciphisa amagesi ancibilikisiwe engilazini encibilikisiwe (isb., SO₂, O₂, CO₂), kunciphisa ukucindezela kwawo okungaphelele. Lokhu kwenza kube lula ukukhipha amagesi ancibilikisiwe emabhamuzeni akhuphukayo.

Ukwehliswa Kokugcwala Kwendawo Okuncishisiwe: Amabhamuza akhuphukayo ahlinzeka ngesimo esilungele ukusetshenziswa segesi noketshezi, okwenza kube lula ngamagesi ancibilikisiwe agcwele kakhulu ukucwila nokusabalala emabhamuzeni.

Indlela Yokufinyeza Efinyeziwe: Amakholomu ebhamuza akhuphukayo asebenza “njengemizila esheshayo,” esheshisa ukufuduka kwamagesi ancibilikisiwe kanye namabhamuza amancane aye phezulu.

Ukuphazamiseka Kwesendlalelo Segwebu: Eduze kobuso, amabhamuza akhuphukayo asiza ekuhlukaniseni ungqimba lwegwebu oluqinile olungavimbela ukuxoshwa kwegesi.

Imiphumela Emibi Engaba Khona (Kudingeka Ukulawulwa)

Isingeniso samaBubbles Amasha: Uma imingcele yokubhoboza (umfutho wegesi, imvamisa, kanye nobumsulwa) ingalawulwa ngendlela engafanele noma uma ama-nozzle evinjiwe, inqubo ingaletha ama-bubble amasha, amancane angafuneki. Uma la ma-bubble engenakususwa noma ancibilikiswe ekuhlungeni okulandelayo, aba amaphutha.

Ukukhethwa Kwegesi Okungafanele: Uma igesi efakiwe ingasabela kahle ngengilazi encibilikisiwe noma amagesi ancibilikisiwe, ingakhiqiza amagesi noma izinto eziyinkimbinkimbi kakhulu ukususa, okuzophazamisa inqubo yokucwenga.

3. Umphumela Wokuqhakaza Enqubweni Yokwakheka Kwe-Homogenization (Ngokuyinhloko Okuhle)

Ukubhamuza kuthuthukisa kakhulu ukuxubana kanye nokuhlanganiswa kwe-homogenizationingilazi encibilikisiwe.

Ukuthuthukiswa Kokuguquguquka Nokushukuma

Ukuzungeza Okuqondile: Njengoba izinsika zamabhamuza zikhuphuka, ubuningi bazo obuphansi uma buqhathaniswa nengilazi encibilikisiwe kudala ukugeleza okunamandla okuya phezulu. Ukuze kugcwaliswe ingilazi ekhuphukayo, ingilazi ezungezile nephansi igeleza ngokuvundlile ibheke kukholomu yamabhamuza, idale umfutho onamandlaukujikeleza okuqondilenomai-convectionLokhu kuqhutshwa kwe-convection okuphoqelelwe kusheshisa kakhulu ukuxubana okuvundlile kwengilazi encibilikisiwe.

Ukuxuba Ukugunda Izinwele: Umehluko wejubane phakathi kwamabhamuza akhuphukayo kanye nengilazi encibilikisiwe ezungezile udala amandla okusika, okukhuthaza ukuxubana kokusabalalisa phakathi kwezingqimba zengilazi eziseduze.

Ukuvuselelwa Kwesixhumi Esibonakalayo: Ukushukuma okuvela kumabhamuza akhuphukayo kuvuselela njalo ukuxhumana phakathi kwengilazi yezinhlobo ezahlukene, kuthuthukisa ukusebenza kahle kokusabalala kwama-molecule.

Ukuphazanyiswa Kokuhlukaniswa Kwezigaba kanye Nokuhlukana Kwezigaba

Ukujikeleza okunamandla kuyaphuka ngempumeleloukuhlukaniswa kwamakhemikhali noma kokushisafuthiukwahlukanaokubangelwa umehluko wobuningi, amazinga okushisa, noma ukudla okungalingani. Kuhlanganisa lezi zendlalelo ekugelezeni okuyinhloko kokuxuba.

Lokhu kusiza kakhulu ekuqedeni"Izindawo ezifile"phansi kwethangi, kunciphisa ukwakheka kwamakristalu noma ukungalingani okukhulu okubangelwa ukuqina isikhathi eside.

Ukusebenza Kahle Kokubumbana Okuthuthukisiwe

Uma kuqhathaniswa nokugeleza kwemvelo noma ukugeleza kwe-gradient yokushisa, ukugeleza okuphoqelelwe okubangelwa ukubhabhula kune-ukuminyana kwamandla aphezulu kanye nokufinyelela okubanziLokhu kunciphisa kakhulu isikhathi esidingekayo ukuze kufinyelelwe izinga elifiselekayo lokufana noma kufinyelelwe ukufana okuphezulu ngaphakathi kwesikhathi esifanayo.

Imiphumela Emibi Engaba Khona (Idinga Ukunakwa)

Ukuguguleka Kwezinto Ezingavuvukali: Ukugeleza okusheshayo kwamabhamuza akhuphukayo kanye nokuguquguquka okukhulu akudalayo kungabangela ukuguguleka okunamandla kanye nokugqwala kwezinto ezingaphansi kwethangi kanye nezinto eziphikisayo odongeni oluseceleni, kufinyeze isikhathi sokuphila kwesithando. Lokhu kungaphinde kungenise imikhiqizo yokuguguleka engilazini encibilikisiwe, kudale imithombo emisha yokungalingani (amatshe, ukwahlukana).

Ukuphazamiseka Kwamaphethini Okugeleza: Uma ukwakheka kwephuzu lokubhamuza, usayizi webhamuza, noma imvamisa kuklanywe kabi, kungaphazamisa izinga lokushisa lokuqala, elizuzisayo kanye nezinsimu zokugeleza kwemvelo ngaphakathi kwethangi lokuncibilikisa. Lokhu kungadala izifunda ezintsha noma ama-vortice angalingani.

4. Amapharamitha Okulawula Okuyinhloko Obuchwepheshe Bokubhamuza

Indawo Yokubhamuza: Ngokuvamile engxenyeni yokugcina yendawo yokuncibilika (ukuqinisekisa ukuthi izinto zokusetshenziswa ziyancibilika kakhulu) kanye nendawo yokucwenga. Indawo kumele ikhethwe ukuze kuthuthukiswe ukugeleza kanye nezinkambu zokushisa.

Ukukhethwa KwegesiIzinketho zifaka umoya (izindleko eziphansi, kodwa izakhiwo ezinamandla zokuxova), i-nitrogen (engasebenzi), kanye namagesi angasebenzi njenge-argon (ukungasebenzi okuhle kakhulu, kodwa kuyabiza). Ukukhetha kuncike ekwakhiweni kwengilazi, isimo se-redox, kanye nezindleko.

Usayizi Webhamuza: Okuhle kakhulu ukukhiqiza amabhamuza amakhulu (amamilimitha amaningana kuya kumasentimitha ububanzi). Amabhamuza amancane akhuphuka kancane, abe nomphumela wokudonsa obuthakathaka, futhi angase angakhishwa kalula, abe yiziphambeko. Usayizi webhamuza ulawulwa ukwakheka kwe-nozzle kanye nomfutho wegesi.

Imvamisa Yokubhamuza: Ukubhabhula ngezikhathi ezithile (isb., kanye njalo ngemizuzu embalwa) kuvame ukusebenza kangcono kunokubhabhula okuqhubekayo. Kudala ukuphazamiseka okukhulu ngenkathi kuvumela isikhathi sokukhipha amabhamuza kanye nengilazi ukuthi izinze. Ukuqina (izinga lokugeleza kwegesi kanye nokucindezela) kumele kuhambisane nokujula kwengilazi kanye nokuthamba kwayo.

Isakhiwo Sendawo Yokubhamuza: Ukuhlela imigqa eminingi ngendlela ehlelekile ehlanganisa ububanzi bonke bethangi kuqinisekisa ukuthi i-convection ifinyelela kuzo zonke izingqimba, kuvimbele "izindawo ezifile." Isikhala sidinga ukulungiswa.

Ukuhlanzeka Kwegesi: Ukungcola okufana nomswakama noma amanye amagesi kumele kugwenywe ukuze kuvinjelwe izinkinga ezintsha.

Ekuphetheni, ukubhubhudla ubuchwepheshe obubalulekile obufaka igesi engilazini encibilikisiwe ukuze kudalwe ukujikeleza okuqinile okuqondile kanye nokushukuma. Lokhu akusheshisi nje kuphela inqubo yokucwenga kwangaphakathi, kusiza amabhamuza amancane namakhulu ukuthi ahlangane futhi akhishwe, kodwa futhi kuqeda ngempumelelo izendlalelo zamakhemikhali nezishisayo ezingalingani futhi kuqede izindawo zokugeleza ezifile. Ngenxa yalokho, kuthuthukisa kakhulu ukusebenza kahle kwe-homogenization kanye nekhwalithi yengilazi. Kodwa-ke, ukulawula okuqinile kumapharamitha abalulekile njengokukhethwa kwegesi, isikhundla, imvamisa, kanye nosayizi webhamuza kubalulekile ukuze kugwenywe ukuletha amaphutha amasha amabhamuza, ukwenza kube kubi ukuguguleka okungenakugwenywa, noma ukuphazamisa insimu yokugeleza yokuqala. Ngakho-ke, yize kunezinkinga ezingaba khona, ukubhubhudla ubuchwepheshe obuyisihluthulelo obungathuthukiswa ukuze kuthuthukiswe kakhulu ukukhiqizwa kwengilazi.