Ingilazi ye-E (i-fiberglass engena-alkali)ukukhiqizwa emazingeni okushisa amathangi kuyinkimbinkimbi, inqubo yokuncibilika kwezinga lokushisa eliphezulu. Iphrofayili yezinga lokushisa elincibilikayo iyindawo yokulawula inqubo ebalulekile, ethonya ngokuqondile ikhwalithi yengilazi, ukusebenza kahle kokuncibilika, ukusetshenziswa kwamandla, impilo yesithando somlilo, kanye nokusebenza kokugcina kwefayibha. Le phrofayili yezinga lokushisa ifinyelelwa ngokuyinhloko ngokulungisa izici zelangabi nokukhushulwa kukagesi.
I. Izinga lokushisa elincibilikayo le-E-Glass
1. Ububanzi bezinga lokushisa elincibilikayo:
Ukuncibilika okuphelele, ukucaciswa, kanye ne-homogenization ye-E-glass ngokuvamile kudinga amazinga okushisa aphezulu kakhulu. Izinga lokushisa elijwayelekile lendawo yokuncibilika (indawo eshisayo) ngokuvamile lisukela ku-1500°C kuya ku-1600°C.
Izinga lokushisa eliqondiwe lincike kulokhu:
* Ukwakheka Kweqoqo: Ukwakheka okuqondile (isb, ukuba khona kwe-fluorine, okuqukethwe kwe-boron ephezulu/ephansi, ukuba khona kwe-titanium) kuthinta izici zokuncibilika.
* Idizayini yesithando somlilo: Uhlobo lwesithando somlilo, usayizi, ukusebenza kahle kwe-insulation, kanye nokuhlelwa kokushisa.
* Imigomo Yokukhiqiza: Izinga lokuncibilika elifiselekayo kanye nezidingo zekhwalithi yengilazi.
* Izinto Ezenzakalayo: Izinga lokugqwala lezinto eziphikisayo emazingeni okushisa aphezulu likhawulela izinga lokushisa eliphezulu.
Izinga lokushisa lendawo yokucwenga livame ukuba ngaphansi kancane kunezinga lokushisa lendawo eshisayo (cishe ama-20-50°C ngaphansi) ukuze kube lula ukukhishwa kwamabhamuza kanye ne-homogenization yengilazi.
Ukushisa kokuphela kokusebenza (i-forehearth) kuphansi kakhulu (ngokuvamile ku-1200 ° C - 1350 ° C), kuletha ingilazi encibilike ku-viscosity efanele nokuzinza komdwebo.
2. Ukubaluleka kokulawula izinga lokushisa:
* Ukusebenza kahle kokuncibilika: Amazinga okushisa aphakeme ngokwanele abalulekile ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukusabela okuphelele kwezinto ze-batch (isihlabathi se-quartz, i-pyrophyllite, i-boric acid/i-colemanite, i-limestone, njll.), ukuqedwa okuphelele kwezinhlamvu zesihlabathi, nokukhululwa kwegesi okuphelele. Ukushisa okunganele kungaholela ezinsaleni "zempahla eluhlaza" (izinhlayiya ze-quartz ezingancibilikisiwe), amatshe, namabhamuza akhulayo.
* Ikhwalithi Yengilazi: Amazinga okushisa aphezulu akhuthaza ukucaciswa kanye nokushintshaniswa kwengilazi ngendlela efanayo, kunciphisa ukukhubazeka okufana nezintambo, amabhamuza, namatshe. Lezi zinkinga zithinta kakhulu amandla e-fiber, izinga lokuphuka, nokuqhubeka.
* I-Viscosity: Izinga lokushisa lithonya ngokuqondile i-viscosity yokuncibilika kwengilazi. Ukudweba i-fiber kudinga ukuncibilika kwengilazi ukuthi kube ngaphakathi kwebanga elithile le-viscosity.
* I-Refractory Material Corrosion: Amazinga okushisa aphakeme ngokweqile asheshisa kakhulu ukugqwala kwezinto eziphikisayo zesithando somlilo (ikakhulukazi izitini ze-AZS ezifakwe ngogesi), zifinyeza ukuphila kwesithando somlilo futhi ngokunokwenzeka ethule amatshe aphikisayo.
* Ukusetshenziswa kwamandla: Ukugcina amazinga okushisa aphezulu kuwumthombo oyinhloko wokusetshenziswa kwamandla eziko lamathangi (okuvame ukubala ngaphezu kuka-60% wengqikithi yokusetshenziswa kwamandla okukhiqiza). Ukulawula izinga lokushisa okunembile ukuze kugwenywe izinga lokushisa elidlulele kukhiye ekongeni amandla.
II. Ukulawulwa Kwelangabi
Ukulawulwa kwelangabi kuyindlela eyinhloko yokulawula ukusatshalaliswa kwezinga lokushisa elincibilikayo, ukufeza ukuncibilika okuphumelelayo, nokuvikela isakhiwo sesithando somlilo (ikakhulukazi umqhele). Umgomo wayo oyinhloko ukudala insimu ekahle yokushisa nomoya.
1. Amapharamitha Emithetho Ebalulekile:
* I-Fuel-to-Air Ratio (I-Stoichiometric Ratio) / I-Oxygen-to-Fuel Ratio (yezinhlelo ze-oxy-fuel):
* Umgomo: Finyelela ukusha okuphelele. Ukushiswa okungaphelele kumosha uphethiloli, kwehlisa izinga lokushisa lomlilo, kukhiqiza intuthu emnyama (umsizi) ongcolisa ingilazi encibilikayo, futhi kuvimbe ama-regenerator/izishintshi zokushisa. Umoya oweqile uthwala ukushisa okukhulu, wehlise ukusebenza kahle kokushisa, futhi ungaqinisa ukugqwala kwe-crown oxidation.
* Ukulungiswa: Lawula ngokunembile isilinganiso somoya kuya kuphethiloli ngokusekelwe ekuhlaziyweni kwegesi yomoya (O₂, okuqukethwe kwe-CO).Ingilazi ye-Eizithando zomlilo zamathangi ngokuvamile zigcina okuqukethwe kwe-flue gas O₂ cishe ku-1-3% (ukushiswa kokucindezela okuhle kancane).
* Umthelela We-Atmosphere: Isilinganiso somoya kuya kuphethiloli siphinde sibe nomthelela emkhathini wesithando somlilo (i-oxidizing noma ukunciphisa), esinemiphumela ecashile ekuziphatheni kwezingxenye ezithile zeqoqo (njengensimbi) nombala wengilazi. Nokho, ku-E-glass (edinga ukukhanya okungenambala), lo mthelela mncane uma kuqhathaniswa.
* Ubude belangabi nokuma:
* Umgomo: Yakha ilangabi elivala indawo encibilikayo, elinokuqina okuthile, futhi elinokusabalala okuhle.
* Ilangabi Elide vs. Ilangabi Elifushane:
* Ilangabi Elide: Imboza indawo enkulu, ukusabalalisa kwezinga lokushisa kuyafana, futhi kubangela ukushaqeka okuncane komqhele. Kodwa-ke, izinga lokushisa lasendaweni lingase lingabi phezulu ngokwanele, futhi ukungena endaweni "yokubhoboza" yenqwaba kungase kunganele.
* Ilangabi Elifushane: Ukuqina okuqinile, izinga lokushisa eliphezulu lendawo, ukungena okuqinile kungqimba lwenqwaba, okuvumela ukuncibilika ngokushesha “kwezinto ezingavuthiwe.” Kodwa-ke, ukumboza akulingani, kubangela kalula ukushisa okweqile kwendawo (izindawo ezishisayo ezigqama kakhulu), kanye nokushaqeka okushisayo okubalulekile kumqhele nodonga lwebele.
* Ukulungiswa: Kuzuzwe ngokulungisa i-engeli yesibhamu esishisayo, isivinini sokuphuma kukaphethiloli/somoya (isilinganiso somfutho), namandla okuzungeza. Izithando zamathangi zanamuhla zivame ukusebenzisa izishisi eziguquguqukayo ezinezigaba eziningi.
* I-Flame Direction (I-engeli):
* Umgomo: Dlulisa ngempumelelo ukushisa ku-batch kanye nendawo encibilikayo yengilazi, ugweme ukufakwa kwelangabi eliqondile kumqhele noma odongeni lwebele.
* Ukulungiswa: Lungisa iphimbo (eme mpo) kanye nama-engeli e-yaw (avundlile) esibhamu esishisayo.
* I-engeli ye-Pitch: Ithinta ukusebenzisana kwelangabi nenqwaba yenqwaba (“ukukhotha inqwaba”) kanye nokumbozwa kwendawo encibilikayo. I-engeli ephansi kakhulu (ilangabi libheke phansi kakhulu) lingase lihlole indawo encibilikayo noma inqwaba yenqwaba, okubangele ukuthwala okucekela phansi udonga lwebele. I-engeli ephakeme kakhulu (i-flame ephezulu kakhulu) iholela ekusebenzeni kahle kokushisa okuphansi kanye nokushisisa ngokweqile komqhele.
* I-Yaw Angle: Ithinta ukusatshalaliswa komlilo kuwo wonke ububanzi besithando somlilo kanye nendawo eshisayo.
2. Imigomo Yokulawulwa Kwelangabi:
* Yakha I-Rational Hot Spot: Dala indawo yokushisa ephezulu kakhulu (indawo eshisayo) engxenyeni engemuva yethangi elincibilikayo (imvamisa ngemva kwendlu yezinja). Lena indawo ebalulekile yokucaciswa kwengilazi nokushintshaniswa kwe-homogenization, futhi isebenza “njengenjini” elawula ukugeleza kwengilazi encibilika (kusuka endaweni eshisayo kuya eshajani yenqwaba nasekupheleni kokusebenza).
* I-Uniform Melt Surface Heating: Gwema ukushisa okweqile kwendawo noma ukupholisa kancane, unciphisa ukuguquguquka okungalingani kanye "nezindawo ezifile" okubangelwa ama-gradients okushisa.
* Vikela Isakhiwo Sesithando Somlilo: Vimbela ukungena kwelangabi kumqhele nodonga lwebele, ugweme ukushisa okweqile kwendawo okuholela ekugqwaleni okusheshayo okuphikisayo.
* Ukudlulisa Ukushisa Okuphumelelayo: Khulisa ukusebenza kahle kokudluliswa kokushisa okukhazimulayo nokuguquguqukayo kusuka elangabini kuya eqoqweni nendawo encibilikayo yengilazi.
* Inkambu Yezinga lokushisa Ezinzile: Yehlisa ukuguquguquka ukuze uqinisekise ikhwalithi yengilazi ezinzile.
III. Ukulawula Okudidiyelwe Kwezinga Lokushisa Elincibilikayo kanye Nokulawulwa Kwelangabi
1. Izinga lokushisa liwumgomo, Ilangabi Liyindlela: Ukulawulwa kwelangabi kuyindlela eyinhloko yokulawula ukusatshalaliswa kwezinga lokushisa ngaphakathi kwesithando somlilo, ikakhulukazi indawo eshisayo nezinga lokushisa.
2. Ukukalwa kwezinga lokushisa kanye nempendulo: Ukuqapha izinga lokushisa okuqhubekayo kwenziwa kusetshenziswa ama-thermocouples, ama-infrared pyrometers, namanye amathuluzi abekwe ezindaweni ezibalulekile esithandweni somlilo (ishaja yenqwaba, indawo encibilikayo, indawo eshisayo, indawo yokucwenga, indawo yangaphambili). Lezi zilinganiso zisebenza njengesisekelo sokulungiswa komlilo.
3. Amasistimu Wokulawula Okuzenzakalelayo: Iziko lamathangi lesimanjemanje zisebenzisa kabanzi amasistimu e-DCS/PLC. Lezi zinhlelo zilawula ngokuzenzakalelayo ilangabi nezinga lokushisa ngokulungisa amapharamitha afana nokugeleza kukaphethiloli, ukugeleza komoya ovuthayo, i-engeli/ama-dampers okushisa, ngokusekelwe kumajika okushisa asethiwe kanye nezilinganiso zesikhathi sangempela.
4. Ibhalansi Yenqubo: Kubalulekile ukuthola ibhalansi elungile phakathi kokuqinisekisa ikhwalithi yengilazi (ukuncibilika kwezinga lokushisa eliphezulu, ukucaciswa okuhle nokushintshaniswa kwe-homogenization) kanye nokuvikela isithando somlilo (ukugwema amazinga okushisa aphakeme, ukufakwa kwelangabi) kuyilapho unciphisa ukusetshenziswa kwamandla.
Isikhathi sokuthumela: Jul-18-2025
