Abacwaningi babikezele inethiwekhi entsha yekhabhoni, efana ne-graphene, kodwa enesakhiwo esincane esiyinkimbinkimbi, esingaholela emabhethri ezimoto zikagesi angcono. I-Graphene cishe iyindlela edume kakhulu yekhabhoni. Isetshenziswe njengomthetho omusha womdlalo wobuchwepheshe bebhethri le-lithium-ion, kodwa izindlela ezintsha zokukhiqiza zingagcina zikhiqize amabhethri asebenzisa amandla amaningi.
I-Graphene ingabonakala njengenethiwekhi yama-athomu e-carbon, lapho i-athomu ngayinye ye-carbon ixhunywe kuma-athomu amathathu e-carbon aseduze ukuze kukhiqizwe ama-hexagon amancane. Kodwa-ke, abacwaningi bacabanga ukuthi ngaphezu kwalesi sakhiwo sezinyosi esiqondile, ezinye izakhiwo zingakhiqizwa.
Lokhu kuyizinto ezintsha ezakhiwa yithimba elivela eNyuvesi yaseMarburg eJalimane kanye naseYunivesithi yase-Aalto eFinland. Baxhumanisa ama-athomu e-carbon ezindleleni ezintsha. Inethiwekhi ebizwa ngokuthi i-biphenyl yakhiwe ngama-hexagon, izikwele nama-octagon, okuyigridi eyinkimbinkimbi kakhulu kune-graphene. Abacwaningi bathi, ngakho-ke, inezakhiwo ze-elekthronikhi ezihluke kakhulu, futhi ngezinye izindlela, ezifiseleka kakhulu.
Isibonelo, yize i-graphene ibhekwa njenge-semiconductor, inethiwekhi entsha yekhabhoni isebenza njengensimbi. Eqinisweni, uma ingama-athomu angu-21 ububanzi, imivimbo yenethiwekhi ye-biphenyl ingasetshenziswa njengezintambo eziqhuba amadivayisi kagesi. Baveze ukuthi kulesi sikali, i-graphene isasebenza njenge-semiconductor.
Umbhali oyinhloko uthe: “Lolu hlobo olusha lwenethiwekhi yekhabhoni lungasetshenziswa futhi njengento enhle kakhulu ye-anode yamabhethri e-lithium-ion. Uma kuqhathaniswa nezinto zamanje ezisekelwe ku-graphene, lunamandla okugcina i-lithium amaningi.”
I-anode yebhethri le-lithium-ion ivame ukwakhiwa nge-graphite spread ku-copper foil. Ine-conductivity ephezulu kagesi, okungabalulekile nje kuphela ekubekeni ama-ion e-lithium phakathi kwezingqimba zayo, kodwa futhi ngoba ingaqhubeka nokwenza kanjalo cishe imijikelezo eyizinkulungwane. Lokhu kwenza kube ibhethri elisebenza kahle kakhulu, kodwa futhi nebhethri elingahlala isikhathi eside ngaphandle kokuwohloka.
Kodwa-ke, ezinye izindlela ezisebenza kahle nezincane ezisekelwe kule nethiwekhi entsha yekhabhoni zingenza isitoreji samandla ebhethri sibe nzima kakhulu. Lokhu kungenza izimoto zikagesi namanye amadivayisi asebenzisa amabhethri e-lithium-ion abe mancane futhi abe lula.
Kodwa-ke, njenge-graphene, ukuthola ukuthi ingakhiqizwa kanjani le nguqulo entsha ngezinga elikhulu kuyinselele elandelayo. Indlela yamanje yokuhlanganisa incike ebusweni begolide obubushelelezi kakhulu lapho ama-molecule aqukethe ikhabhoni akha khona amaketanga ahlangene anezinhlangothi eziyisithupha ekuqaleni. Ukusabela okulandelayo kuxhuma la maketanga ukwakha izimo zesikwele nezinezinhlangothi eziyisithupha, okwenza umphumela wokugcina uhluke ku-graphene.
Abacwaningi bachaza: “Umqondo omusha ukusebenzisa izandulela zama-molecule ezilungisiwe ukukhiqiza i-biphenyl esikhundleni se-graphene. Umgomo manje ukukhiqiza amaphepha amakhulu ezinto ukuze izakhiwo zawo ziqondwe kangcono.”
Isikhathi sokuthunyelwe: Jan-06-2022
