izindaba

I-Fiberglass Reinforced Polymer (GFRP)iyinto esebenza kahle kakhulu ehlanganiswe ngemicu yengilazi njenge-ejenti yokuqinisa kanye ne-polymer resin njenge-matrix, kusetshenziswa izinqubo ezithile. Isakhiwo sayo esiyinhloko sakhiwe ngemicu yengilazi (njengeIngilazi ye-E, ingilazi ye-S, noma ingilazi ye-AR enamandla aphezulu) enobubanzi obungu-5∼25μm kanye nama-matrices e-thermosetting njenge-epoxy resin, i-polyester resin, noma i-vinyl ester, enengxenye yevolumu yefayibha evame ukufika ku-30%∼70% [1-3]. I-GFRP ikhombisa izakhiwo ezinhle kakhulu njengamandla athile adlula i-500 MPa/(g/cm3) kanye ne-modulus ethile edlula i-25 GPa/(g/cm3), kuyilapho futhi inezici ezifana nokumelana nokugqwala, ukumelana nokukhathala, i-coefficient ephansi yokwanda kokushisa [(7∼12)×10−6 °C−1], kanye nokubonakala kwe-electromagnetic.

Emkhakheni wezindiza, ukusetshenziswa kwe-GFRP kwaqala ngawo-1950 futhi manje sekuyinto ebalulekile yokunciphisa isisindo sesakhiwo kanye nokuthuthukisa ukusebenza kahle kukaphethiloli. Uma sibheka i-Boeing 787 njengesibonelo, i-GFRP ibala u-15% wezakhiwo zayo ezingezona eziyinhloko ezithwala umthwalo, ezisetshenziswa ezingxenyeni ezifana nama-fairings nama-winglets, kufinyelela ekunciphiseni isisindo okungu-20% ~ 30% uma kuqhathaniswa nama-alloy e-aluminium endabuko. Ngemva kokuba imishayo yephansi ye-Airbus A320 ithathelwe indawo yi-GFRP, isisindo sengxenye eyodwa sehle ngo-40%, futhi ukusebenza kwayo ezindaweni ezinomswakama kwathuthuka kakhulu. Emkhakheni wezindiza ezinophephela emhlane, amaphaneli angaphakathi ekhabhini le-Sikorsky S-92 asebenzisa isakhiwo se-sandwich se-GFRP honeycomb, okufinyelela ibhalansi phakathi kokumelana nokushayisana nomlilo (okuhambisana nezinga le-FAR 25.853). Uma kuqhathaniswa ne-Carbon Fiber Reinforced Polymer (CFRP), izindleko zezinto zokusetshenziswa ze-GFRP zincishiswe ngo-50% ~ 70%, okunikeza inzuzo enkulu kwezomnotho ezingxenyeni ezingezona eziyinhloko ezithwala umthwalo. Njengamanje, i-GFRP yakha uhlelo lokufaka isicelo se-gradient yezinto ezibonakalayo nge-carbon fiber, okukhuthaza ukuthuthukiswa okuphindaphindiwe kwemishini yezindiza ukuze kube lula, isikhathi eside, kanye nezindleko eziphansi.

Ngokombono wezakhiwo zomzimba,I-GFRPfuthi inezinzuzo ezivelele ngokwezinto zokukhanya, izakhiwo zokushisa, ukumelana nokugqwala, kanye nokusebenza kahle. Ngokuphathelene nezinto zokukhanya, ubuningi befayibha yengilazi busukela ku-1.8∼2.1 g/cm3, okuyi-1/4 kuphela yensimbi kanye no-2/3 we-aluminium alloy. Ekuhlolweni kokuguga okushisa okuphezulu, izinga lokugcina amandla lidlule ku-85% ngemva kwamahora ayi-1,000 ku-180 °C. Ngaphezu kwalokho, i-GFRP ecwiliswe kusisombululo se-NaCl esingu-3.5% unyaka wonke ibonise ukulahlekelwa amandla okungaphansi kuka-5%, kuyilapho insimbi ye-Q235 inokulahlekelwa isisindo sokugqwala okungu-12%. Ukumelana kwayo ne-asidi kuyabonakala, ngesilinganiso sokushintsha kwesisindo esingaphansi kuka-0.3% kanye nesilinganiso sokwanda kwevolumu esingaphansi kuka-0.15% ngemva kwezinsuku ezingu-30 kusisombululo se-HCl esingu-10%. Amasampula e-GFRP aphathwe nge-silane agcine izinga lokugcina amandla okugoba elidlula ku-90% ngemva kwamahora angu-3,000.

Ngamafuphi, ngenxa yokuhlanganiswa kwayo okuyingqayizivele kwezakhiwo, i-GFRP isetshenziswa kabanzi njengezinto eziyinhloko zezindiza ezisebenza kahle kakhulu ekwakhiweni nasekukhiqizweni kwezindiza, ibambe ukubaluleka okukhulu kweqhinga embonini yezindiza yanamuhla kanye nentuthuko yezobuchwepheshe.