Ngokuya ngesimo nobude, i-fiber yengilazi ingahlukaniswa ibe yi-fiber eqhubekayo, i-fiber enobude obungaguquki kanye noboya bengilazi; ngokuya ngokwakheka kwengilazi, ingahlukaniswa ibe yi-fiber engena-alkali, ukumelana namakhemikhali, i-alkali ephakathi, amandla aphezulu, i-modulus ephezulu yokunwebeka kanye nokumelana ne-alkali (ukumelana ne-alkali), njll.
Izinto zokusetshenziswa eziyinhloko zokukhiqizwa kwefayibha yengilazi yilezi: isihlabathi se-quartz, i-alumina kanye ne-pyrophyllite, i-limestone, i-dolomite, i-boric acid, i-soda ash, i-mirabilite, i-fluorite, njll. Izindlela zokukhiqiza zihlukaniswe ngezigaba ezimbili: enye ukwenza ingilazi encibilikisiwe ibe imicu; enye ukwenza ingilazi encibilikisiwe ibe amabhola engilazi noma izinduku ezinobubanzi obungu-20 mm, bese ufudumeza bese uncibilikisa ngezindlela ezahlukene ukwenza amabhola engilazi noma izinduku ezinobubanzi obungu-3 kuya ku-3 mm. Imicu emincane kakhulu engu-80μm. Imicu emide kakhulu edonswa yindlela yokudweba ngomshini yamapuleti e-platinum alloy ibizwa ngokuthi imicu yengilazi eqhubekayo, eyaziwa kakhulu ngokuthi imicu emide. Imicu engapheli eyenziwe ngama-roller noma ukugeleza komoya, ebizwa ngokuthi imicu yengilazi enobude obungaguquki, eyaziwa kakhulu ngokuthi imicu emifushane.
Imicu yengilazi ihlukaniswa ngamabanga ahlukene ngokuya ngokwakheka kwayo, izakhiwo kanye nokusetshenziswa kwayo. Ngokwemithetho yebanga elijwayelekile, imicu yengilazi ye-E-grade isetshenziswa kabanzi futhi isetshenziswa kabanzi ezintweni zokuvikela ugesi; i-S-grade iyi-fiber ekhethekile.
Ingilazi esetshenziswa ekukhiqizweni kwe-fiberglass ihlukile kunengilazi esetshenziswa kweminye imikhiqizo yengilazi. Ngokuvamile, ukwakheka kwengilazi yemicu eye yathengiswa yilena elandelayo:
I-fiberglass enamandla aphezulu kanye ne-modulus ephezulu
Ibonakala ngamandla aphezulu kanye ne-modulus ephezulu. Amandla ayo okudonsa i-fiber eyodwa angama-2800MPa, aphakeme cishe ngo-25% kune-fiber yengilazi engena-alkali, kanti i-modulus yayo enwebekayo ingu-86000MPa, ephakeme kune-fiber ye-E-glass. Imikhiqizo ye-FRP ekhiqizwa ngayo isetshenziswa kakhulu embonini yezempi, ezindizayo, ezitimeleni zesivinini esikhulu, emandleni omoya, ezivikelweni zezibhamu kanye nasemishinini yezemidlalo.
I-fiberglass ye-AR
Eyaziwa nangokuthi i-fiber yengilazi engamelani ne-alkali, i-fiber yengilazi engamelani ne-alkali iyinto yokuqinisa ikhonkrithi eqiniswe nge-fiber yengilazi (ebizwa ngokuthi i-GRC), i-fiber engaphili ejwayelekile, futhi iyindawo efanelekile yokufaka esikhundleni sensimbi ne-asbestos ezingxenyeni zesamente ezingathwali umthwalo. Izici ze-fiber yengilazi engamelana ne-alkali ukumelana okuhle kwe-alkali, ingamelana ngempumelelo nokuguguleka kwezinto eziphezulu ze-alkali kusimende, amandla aqinile okubamba, i-modulus ephezulu yokunwebeka, ukumelana nomthelela, amandla okuthamba nokugoba, okungashisi, ukumelana neqhwa, ukumelana nokushisa, ikhono lokushintsha umswakama eliqinile, ukumelana okuhle kakhulu kokuqhekeka kanye nokungangeni, ukwakheka okuqinile, ukubumba okulula, njll., i-fiber yengilazi engamelana ne-alkali uhlobo olusha lokuqinisa okuluhlaza nokunobungane nemvelo olusetshenziswa kabanzi kukhonkrithi eqiniswe (usimende) esebenza kahle kakhulu.
Ingilazi ye-D
Eyaziwa nangokuthi ingilazi ephansi ye-dielectric, isetshenziselwa ukukhiqiza imicu yengilazi ephansi ye-dielectric enamandla amahle e-dielectric.
Ngaphezu kwezingxenye zefayibha yengilazi ezingenhla, ifayibha entsha yengilazi engena-alkali isiyatholakala manje, engenayo nhlobo i-boron, ngaleyo ndlela inciphise ukungcola kwemvelo, kodwa izakhiwo zayo zokuvikela ugesi kanye nezakhiwo zayo zemishini zifana nengilazi yendabuko ye-E. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kukhona ifayibha yengilazi enokwakheka kwengilazi ephindwe kabili, esetshenziswe ekukhiqizweni koboya bengilazi, futhi kuthiwa inamandla okuqinisa i-fiberglass. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kukhona ifayibha yengilazi engena-fluorine, okuyifayibha yengilazi engena-alkali ethuthukisiwe eyenzelwe izidingo zokuvikela imvelo.
Ngaphezu kwezingxenye zefayibha yengilazi ezingenhla, ifayibha entsha yengilazi engena-alkali isiyatholakala manje, engenayo nhlobo i-boron, ngaleyo ndlela inciphise ukungcola kwemvelo, kodwa izakhiwo zayo zokuvikela ugesi kanye nezakhiwo zayo zemishini zifana nengilazi yendabuko ye-E. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kukhona ifayibha yengilazi enokwakheka kwengilazi ephindwe kabili, esetshenziswe ekukhiqizweni koboya bengilazi, futhi kuthiwa inamandla okuqinisa i-fiberglass. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kukhona ifayibha yengilazi engena-fluorine, okuyifayibha yengilazi engena-alkali ethuthukisiwe eyenzelwe izidingo zokuvikela imvelo.
Ungahlukanisa i-fiberglass ngezigaba ezahlukene, kuye ngezinto zokusetshenziswa ezisetshenzisiwe kanye nezilinganiso zazo.
Nazi izinhlobo ezi-7 ezahlukene ze-fiberglass kanye nezicelo zazo emikhiqizweni yansuku zonke:
Ingilazi ye-alkali (ingilazi ye-A)
Ingilazi yesoda noma ingilazi ye-soda lime. Luhlobo lwe-fiberglass olusetshenziswa kabanzi. Ingilazi ye-alkali ihlanganisa cishe u-90% wengilazi yonke eyenziwe. Luhlobo oluvame kakhulu futhi lusetshenziselwa ukwenza izitsha zengilazi, njengezitini namabhodlela okudla neziphuzo, kanye nengilazi yefasitela.
Izitsha zokubhaka ezenziwe ngengilazi ye-lime ye-soda ethambile nazo ziyisibonelo esiphelele sengilazi i-A. Ingabizi, iyasebenza kakhulu, futhi iqinile impela. Imicu yengilazi yohlobo lwe-A ingancibilikiswa futhi ithambe izikhathi eziningi futhi iyizinhlobo zemicu yengilazi ezifanele zokuvuselela ingilazi.
Ingilazi ye-AE noma ingilazi ye-AR engamelani ne-alkali
Ingilazi ye-AE noma ye-AR imele ingilazi engamelani ne-alkali, esetshenziswa ngokukhethekile kukhonkolo. Iyinto ehlanganisiwe eyakhiwe yi-zirconia.
Ukwengezwa kwe-zirconia, iminerali eqinile, engashisi, kwenza le fiberglass ifaneleke ukusetshenziswa kukhonkrithi. Ingilazi ye-AR ivimbela ukuqhekeka kokhonkrithi ngokunikeza amandla nokuguquguquka. Futhi, ngokungafani nensimbi, ayigqwali kalula.
Ingilazi yamakhemikhali
Ingilazi ye-C noma ingilazi yamakhemikhali isetshenziswa njengezicubu ezingaphezulu zengqimba yangaphandle yama-laminate yamapayipi nezitsha zokugcina amanzi namakhemikhali. Ngenxa yokugcwala okuphezulu kwe-calcium borosilicate esetshenziswa enkambisweni yokwakheka kwengilazi, ibonisa ukumelana okukhulu kwamakhemikhali ezindaweni ezigqwalisayo.
Ingilazi i-C igcina ibhalansi yamakhemikhali nesakhiwo kunoma iyiphi indawo futhi imelana namakhemikhali e-alkaline.
Ingilazi ye-dielectric
Imicu yengilazi ye-dielectric (D-glass) ivame ukusetshenziswa ezintweni zikagesi, izitsha zokupheka, nokunye okunjalo. Futhi iwuhlobo oluhle kakhulu lwe-fiberglass ngenxa yokuthi ayishintshi kakhulu i-dielectric. Lokhu kungenxa yokuba khona kwe-boron trioxide ekwakhiweni kwayo.
Ingilazi kagesi
Indwangu ye-E-glass noma ye-E-fiberglass iyindinganiso yemboni enikeza ibhalansi phakathi kokusebenza kanye nezindleko. Iyinto elula ehlanganisiwe enezinhlelo zokusebenza ezindaweni zezindiza, zasolwandle kanye nezimboni. Izakhiwo ze-E-glass njenge-fibre yokuqinisa zenze yaba yinto ethandwayo yemikhiqizo yezentengiselwano efana nezindawo zokutshala, amabhodi okusefa, kanye nezikebhe.
Ingilazi ye-E etholakala kumafayibha e-glass wool ingenziwa nganoma yisiphi isimo noma usayizi kusetshenziswa indlela elula kakhulu yokukhiqiza. Ngaphambi kokukhiqiza, izakhiwo zefayibha ye-E ziyenza ihlanzeke futhi iphephe ukusebenza ngayo.
Ingilazi yesakhiwo
Ingilazi yesakhiwo (ingilazi i-S) yaziwa ngezakhiwo zayo zemishini. Amagama okuhweba athi i-R-glass, i-S-glass kanye ne-T-glass wonke abhekisela ohlotsheni olufanayo lwe-fiberglass. Uma iqhathaniswa ne-E-glass fiber, inamandla aphezulu okudonseka kanye ne-modulus. Le fiberglass yenzelwe ukusetshenziswa embonini yezokuvikela kanye nezindiza.
Iphinde isetshenziswe ezinhlotsheni zezikhali eziqinile ze-ballistic. Ngenxa yokuthi lolu hlobo lwe-fiber yengilazi lusebenza kahle kakhulu, lusetshenziswa kuphela ezimbonini ezithile ezinomthamo wokukhiqiza olinganiselwe. Kusho nokuthi i-S-glass ingabiza kakhulu.
I-Advantex fiberglass
Lolu hlobo lwe-fiberglass lusetshenziswa kabanzi embonini kawoyela, igesi kanye nezimayini, kanye nasezitshalweni zikagesi kanye nokusetshenziswa kolwandle (izinhlelo zokuhlanza indle kanye namanzi angcolile). Luhlanganisa izakhiwo zikagesi nezemishini ze-E-glass kanye nokumelana nokugqwala kwe-asidi kwezintambo zengilazi zohlobo lwe-E, C, R. Lusetshenziswa ezindaweni lapho izakhiwo zisengozini enkulu yokugqwala.
Isikhathi sokuthunyelwe: Meyi-11-2022
