Ngokuthuthuka kobuchwepheshe bokukhiqiza izinto ezihlanganisiwe, kanye nokuqonda okujulile nokuqonda izinto ezihlanganisiwe embonini yezokuthutha ngezitimela, kanye nentuthuko yezobuchwepheshe embonini yokukhiqiza izimoto zesitimela, ububanzi bokusetshenziswa kwezinto ezihlanganisiwe ezimotweni zesitimela buye banda kancane kancane. Izinhlobo, amamaki kanye namazinga obuchwepheshe ezinto ezihlanganisiwe ezisetshenziswayo nawo athuthuka njalo.
Izinhlobo zezinto ezihlanganisiwe ezisetshenziswe ezimotweni zesitimela zifaka:
(1) I-FRP ye-polyester resin eqinile futhi eqinile kancane;
(2) Ipulasitiki eqiniswe ngefayibha yengilazi ye-resin ye-phenolic;
(3) I-resin ye-polyester engagcwali i-FRP enamandla aphezulu;
(4) Ipulasitiki eqinisiwe yefayibha yengilazi evimbela ilangabi engagcwali i-polyester enamandla aphansi kancane;
(5) Izinto ze-carbon fiber.
Amaphuzu omkhiqizo alandelayo:
(1) Izingxenye ze-FRP ezibekwe ngesandla;
(2) Izingxenye ze-FRP ezibunjiwe;
(3) Izingxenye ze-FRP zesakhiwo sesangweji;
(4) Izingxenye ze-carbon fiber.
Ukusetshenziswa kwe-FRP ezimotweni zesitimela
1. Ukusetshenziswa kwasekuqaleni kwe-FRP ezimotweni zesitimela
Ukusetshenziswa kwe-FRP ezimotweni zesitimela kwaqala ngawo-1980, futhi kwaqala ukusetshenziswa ezitimeleni zikagesi ezikhiqizwa ngaphakathi ezweni ezinesivinini esiphansi esingu-140km/h. Ububanzi bokusetshenziswa buhlanganisa ikakhulukazi:
● iphaneli yodonga yangaphakathi;
● ipuleti elingaphakathi eliphezulu;
● Indlu yangasese yepulasitiki eqiniswe ngefayibha yengilazi ehlanganisiwe;
Inhloso eyinhloko yokusetshenziswa ngaleso sikhathi kwakuyiKatsukiyogi. Uhlobo lwe-FRP olusetshenziswayo yi-unsaturated polyester resin FRP.
2. Ukusetshenziswa kwe-FRP ngeqembu ezimotweni zesitimela
Ukusetshenziswa kwe-FRP ezimotweni zesitimela kanye nokuvuthwa kwayo kancane kancane kwenzeka ngawo-1990. Isetshenziswa kakhulu ekukhiqizeni izimoto zabagibeli bezitimela kanye nezimoto zesitimela zasemadolobheni:
Iphaneli lodonga langaphakathi legumbi lezivakashi;
●Ipuleti elingaphakathi eliphezulu;
Indlu yangasese yepulasitiki eqiniswe ngefayibha yengilazi ehlanganisiwe;
Indlu yokugezela yepulasitiki eqinisiwe yengilazi ehlanganisiwe;
Igumbi lokugezela lepulasitiki eliqiniswe ngefayibha yengilazi elihlanganisiwe;
ipayipi lomoya opholile le-FRP, ipayipi lokukhipha udoti;
● Uhlaka lwesihlalo noma lwesihlalo.
Ngalesi sikhathi, umgomo oyinhloko wokusetshenziswa usushintshe kusukela ekushintsheni ukhuni kuya ekuthuthukiseni izinga lezimoto; izinhlobo ze-FRP ezisetshenziswayo zisasetshenziswa kakhulu yi-polyester resin FRP engagcwalisiwe.
3. Eminyakeni yamuva nje, ukusetshenziswa kwe-FRP ezimotweni zesitimela
Kusukela ekuqaleni kwaleli khulu leminyaka, i-FRP ibilokhu isetshenziswa kakhulu ezimotweni zesitimela. Ngaphezu kokusetshenziswa ekwenziweni kwemikhiqizo ehlukahlukene eshiwo ngenhla, isetshenziswa kabanzi ekwenziweni kwalokhu okulandelayo:
●Indwangu yophahla;
Umsele womoya omusha ophahleni;
●Izingxenye ezahlukahlukene ezinezimo eziyinkimbinkimbi emotweni, kufaka phakathi amaphaneli odonga angaphakathi agobile anama-dimension amathathu kanye namaphaneli ophahla oluseceleni; amaphaneli okumboza anezimo ezihlukahlukene ezikhethekile; amaphaneli odonga epulasitiki aqiniswe nge-fiber yengilazi; izingxenye zokuhlobisa.
Umgomo oyinhloko wokusetshenziswa kwe-FRP kulesi sigaba ukukhiqiza izingxenye ezinezidingo ezikhethekile zokusebenza noma izidingo eziyinkimbinkimbi zokulingisa. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukumelana nomlilo kwe-FRP okusetshenziswa kulesi sigaba nakho kuthuthukisiwe. I-reactive and additive flame retardant unsaturated polyester resin FRP isetshenziswe kabanzi, futhi ukusetshenziswa kwe-phenolic resin FRP kuye kwehla kancane kancane.
4. Ukusetshenziswa kwe-FRP ku-EMU enesivinini esikhulu
Ukusetshenziswa kwe-FRP kuma-EMU esitimela asheshayo sekufinyelele esigabeni esivuthiwe ngempela. ngoba:
(1) I-FRP isetshenziswa ekwakhiweni kwezingxenye ezinemisebenzi ekhethekile, izimo nezakhiwo eziyinkimbinkimbi, kanye nokusebenza okuhle kakhulu okuphelele okungamelana nemithwalo emikhulu, njenge-FRP integral streamlined fronts, amamojula okuvula nokuvala angaphambili, izimbozo zophahla ze-aerodynamic, njll.
(2) Ipulasitiki eqiniswe ngefayibha yengilazi ebunjiwe (i-SMC) isetshenziswe kabanzi
Ukusetshenziswa kwepulasitiki eqiniswe ngefayibha yengilazi ebunjiwe ukukhiqiza amaphaneli odonga angaphakathi kwabagibeli be-EMU asheshayo ngamaqoqo kunezinzuzo ezilandelayo:
Ukunemba kwezingxenye kuphezulu;
● Ikhwalithi yokukhiqiza kanye nezinga lomkhiqizo,
●Ifinyeleleke kalula;
●Kufanelekela ukukhiqizwa ngobuningi kobunjiniyela.
(3) Thuthukisa izinga le-FRP elisetshenziswa kwezinye izingxenye
●Ingenziwa ibe yizingxenye ezinezimo ezahlukahlukene njengoba kudingeka;
Ikhwalithi yokubukeka ingcono, futhi ukunemba komumo nobukhulu bezingxenye kuphakeme;
●Umbala wobuso kanye nephethini kungalungiswa ngesikhathi esisodwa.
Ngalesi sikhathi, ukusetshenziswa kwe-FRP kuhlanganisa ukufezwa kwemisebenzi ekhethekile kanye nezimo, kanye nemigomo yezinga eliphezulu njengokuthwala umthwalo othile kanye nesisindo esincane.
Isikhathi sokuthunyelwe: Meyi-06-2022
