Ipayipi le-Epoxy le-FRP
Incazelo Yomkhiqizo
Ipayipi le-epoxy le-FRP laziwa ngokusemthethweni ngokuthi ipayipi le-Glass Fiber Reinforced Epoxy (GRE). Liyipayipi lezinto ezihlanganisiwe elisebenza kahle kakhulu, elenziwe kusetshenziswa i-filament winding noma inqubo efanayo, elinemicu yengilazi enamandla aphezulu njengezinto zokuqinisa kanye ne-epoxy resin njenge-matrix. Izinzuzo zalo eziyinhloko zifaka phakathi ukumelana nokugqwala okuvelele (ukuqeda isidingo sezingubo zokuvikela), isisindo esincane esihlanganiswe namandla aphezulu (ukwenza kube lula ukufakwa kanye nokuthuthwa), ukuqhuba ukushisa okuphansi kakhulu (okuhlinzeka ngokufakwa kokushisa kanye nokonga amandla), kanye nodonga lwangaphakathi olubushelelezi, olungakhuli. Lezi zimfanelo zenza kube indawo ekahle kakhulu yamapayipi endabuko emikhakheni efana ne-petroleum, amakhemikhali, ubunjiniyela basolwandle, ukufakwa kogesi, kanye nokwelashwa kwamanzi.
Izici Zomkhiqizo
Ipayipi le-FRP Epoxy (i-Glass Fiber Reinforced Epoxy, noma i-GRE) linikeza inhlanganisela engcono kakhulu yezakhiwo uma kuqhathaniswa nezinto zendabuko:
1. Ukumelana Okumangalisayo Kokugqwala
- Ukuzivikela Kwamakhemikhali: Imelana kakhulu nezinhlobo eziningi zezinto ezigqwalisayo, okuhlanganisa ama-acid, ama-alkali, usawoti, indle, kanye namanzi olwandle.
- Akudingi ukugcinwa: Akudingi ukuvikelwa kwangaphakathi noma kwangaphandle noma ukuvikelwa kwe-cathodic, okuqeda ngokuphelele ukulungiswa kanye nengozi ehlobene nokugqwala.
2. Isisindo Esilula Namandla Aphezulu
- Ubuningi Obuncishisiwe: Inesisindo esingu-1/4 kuya ku-1/8 kuphela sepayipi lensimbi, okwenza kube lula kakhulu ukuthutha, ukuphakamisa, nokufaka, okwehlisa izindleko zephrojekthi iyonke.
- Amandla Aphezulu Okusebenza: Inamandla aphezulu okubamba, ukugoba, kanye nokushaya, iyakwazi ukusingatha izingcindezi zokusebenza eziphezulu kanye nemithwalo yangaphandle.
3. Izici Ezinhle Kakhulu Ze-Hydraulic
- I-Smooth Bore: Ingaphakathi linendawo yokungqubuzana ephansi kakhulu, okunciphisa kakhulu ukulahleka kwekhanda loketshezi kanye nokusetshenziswa kwamandla okupompa uma kuqhathaniswa namapayipi ensimbi.
- Ukungakhuli: Udonga olubushelelezi luyamelana nokunamathela kwesikali, inhlabathi, kanye nokungcola kwezinto eziphilayo (njengokukhula kolwandle), lugcina ukusebenza kahle kokugeleza kwamanzi ngokuhamba kwesikhathi.
4. Izakhiwo Zokushisa Nogesi
- Ukufakwa Kokushisa: Kunokushisa okuphansi kakhulu (cishe i-1% yensimbi), okunikeza ukugcinwa kokushisa okuhle kakhulu ukunciphisa ukulahleka noma ukukhuphuka kokushisa koketshezi oluthuthwayo.
- Ukufakwa Kokushiswa Kogesi: Kunikeza izakhiwo zokufakwa kogesi ezisezingeni eliphezulu, okwenza kuphephe futhi kufaneleke ukusetshenziswa ezindaweni zikagesi nezokuxhumana.
5. Ukuqina kanye nezindleko eziphansi zomjikelezo wokuphila
- Impilo Yesevisi Ende: Yakhelwe impilo yesevisi yeminyaka engama-25 noma ngaphezulu ngaphansi kwezimo zokusebenza ezijwayelekile.
- Ukulungiswa Okuncane: Ngenxa yokugqwala kwayo kanye nokumelana nokukhula, uhlelo aludingi ukulungiswa okuvamile, okuholela ezindleleni eziphansi zomjikelezo wokuphila.
Imininingwane Yomkhiqizo
| Imininingwane | Ingcindezi | Ubukhulu Bodonga | Ububanzi Bangaphakathi Bepayipi | Ubude Obukhulu |
|
| (Mpa) | (mm) | (mm) | (m) |
| I-DN40 | 7.0 | 2.00 | 38.10 | 3 |
| 8.5 | 2.00 | 38.10 | 3 | |
| 10.0 | 2.50 | 38.10 | 3 | |
| 14.0 | 3.00 | 38.10 | 3 | |
| I-DN50 | 3.5 | 2.00 | 49.50 | 3 |
| 5.5 | 2.50 | 49.50 | 3 | |
| 8.5 | 2.50 | 49.50 | 3 | |
| 10.0 | 3.00 | 49.50 | 3 | |
| 12.0 | 3.50 | 49.50 | 3 | |
| I-DN65 | 5.5 | 2.50 | 61.70 | 3 |
| 8.5 | 3.00 | 61.70 | 3 | |
| 12.0 | 4.50 | 61.70 | 3 | |
| I-DN80 | 3.5 | 2.50 | 76.00 | 3 |
| 5.5 | 2.50 | 76.00 | 3 | |
| 7.0 | 3.00 | 76.00 | 3 | |
| 8.5 | 3.50 | 76.00 | 3 | |
| 10.0 | 4.00 | 76.00 | 3 | |
| 12.0 | 5.00 | 76.00 | 3 | |
| I-DN100 | 3.5 | 2.30 | 101.60 | 3 |
| 5.5 | 3.00 | 101.60 | 3 | |
| 7.0 | 4.00 | 101.60 | 3 | |
| 8.5 | 5.00 | 101.60 | 3 | |
| 10.0 | 5.50 | 101.60 | 3 | |
| I-DN125 | 3.5 | 3.00 | 122.50 | 3 |
| 5.5 | 4.00 | 122.50 | 3 | |
| 7.0 | 5.00 | 122.50 | 3 | |
| I-DN150 | 3.5 | 3.00 | 157.20 | 3 |
| 5.5 | 5.00 | 157.20 | 3 | |
| 7.0 | 5.50 | 148.50 | 3 | |
| 8.5 | 7.00 | 148.50 | 3 | |
| 10.0 | 7.50 | 138.00 | 3 | |
| I-DN200 | 3.5 | 4.00 | 194.00 | 3 |
| 5.5 | 6.00 | 194.00 | 3 | |
| 7.0 | 7.50 | 194.00 | 3 | |
| 8.5 | 9.00 | 194.00 | 3 | |
| 10.0 | 10.50 | 194.00 | 3 | |
| I-DN250 | 3.5 | 5.00 | 246.70 | 3 |
| 5.5 | 7.50 | 246.70 | 3 | |
| 8.5 | 11.50 | 246.70 | 3 | |
| I-DN300 | 3.5 | 5.50 | 300.00 | 3 |
| 5.5 | 9.00 | 300.00 | 3 | |
| Qaphela: Amapharamitha akuleli thebula awereferensi kuphela futhi ngeke asebenze njengesisekelo sokuklama noma ukwamukelwa. Imiklamo enemininingwane ingalungiswa ngokwehlukana njengoba kudingeka yiphrojekthi. | ||||
Izinhlelo Zokusebenza Zomkhiqizo
- Imigqa Yokudlulisa Amandla Aphezulu: Isetshenziswa njengemibhobho yokuvikela izintambo zamandla ezinamandla aphezulu angaphansi komhlaba noma angaphansi kwamanzi.
- Izitshalo Zikagesi/Iziteshi Ezincane: Zisetshenziswa ukuvikela izintambo zikagesi kanye nezintambo zokulawula ezingaphakathi esiteshini ekugqwaleni kwemvelo kanye nomonakalo wemishini.
- Ukuvikelwa Kwekhebula Lokuxhumana: Kusetshenziswa njengemigudu yokuvikela izintambo zokuxhumana ezibucayi eziteshini eziyisisekelo noma kumanethiwekhi e-fiber optic.
- Imihubhe Namabhuloho: Kufakwelwe ukubeka izintambo ezindaweni okunzima ukuzisebenzisa noma ezinezimo eziyinkimbinkimbi, njengezilungiselelo ezigqwalisayo noma ezinomswakama ophezulu.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, ipayipi le-epoxy le-FRP (GRE) lisetshenziswa kabanzi ezitshalweni zezimboni njengepayipi lenqubo yokuthutha uketshezi lwamakhemikhali olubola kakhulu kanye namanzi angcolile. Ekuthuthukisweni kwezindawo zikawoyela, lisetshenziselwa ukusetshenziswa kokugqwala okuphezulu njengemigqa yokuqoqa uwoyela ongahluziwe, imigqa yokujova amanzi/i-polymer, kanye nokujova kwe-CO2. Ekusabalalisweni kukaphethiloli, liyinto efanelekile yamapayipi esiteshi sikaphethiloli angaphansi komhlaba kanye nama-jetties e-terminal kawoyela. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kuyindlela ekhethwayo yamanzi okupholisa amanzi olwandle, imigqa yokucindezela umlilo, kanye nemigqa yokukhipha umfutho ophezulu kanye ne-brine ezitshalweni zokususa usawoti emanzini.
