Uma sibona imikhiqizo eyenziwei-fiberglass, sivame ukuqaphela ukubukeka nokusetshenziswa kwazo kuphela, kodwa asivamile ukucabanga ngalokhu: Iyini isakhiwo sangaphakathi sale filament emnyama noma emhlophe ende? Yilezi zakhiwo ezincane ezingabonakali ezinikeza i-fiberglass izakhiwo zayo eziyingqayizivele, njengamandla aphezulu, ukumelana nokushisa okuphezulu, kanye nokumelana nokugqwala. Namuhla, sizongena "ezweni langaphakathi" le-fiberglass ukuze sembule izimfihlo zesakhiwo sayo.
Isisekelo seMicroscopic: “Ukuhleleka Okungahlelekile” Ezingeni Le-Atomic
Ngokombono we-athomu, ingxenye eyinhloko ye-fiberglass yi-silicon dioxide (ngokuvamile i-50%-70% ngesisindo), kanye nezinye izinto ezifana ne-calcium oxide, i-magnesium oxide, kanye ne-aluminium oxide ezingeziwe ukulungisa izakhiwo zayo. Ukuhlelwa kwala ma-athomu kunquma izici eziyisisekelo ze-fiberglass.
Ngokungafani "nohlelo olude" lwama-athomu ezintweni zekristalu (njengezinsimbi noma amakristalu e-quartz), ukuhlelwa kwama-athomu ku-fiberglass kubonisa"Ukuhleleka kwebanga elifushane, ukuphazamiseka kwebanga elide."Kalula nje, endaweni yendawo (ngaphakathi kwebanga lama-athomu ambalwa), i-athomu ngayinye ye-silicon ihlangana nama-athomu amane e-oxygen, yakha i-pyramid efana ne-“i-silica tetrahedron”isakhiwo. Lokhu kuhlelwa kwendawo kuyahlelwa. Kodwa-ke, ngezinga elikhulu, lawa ma-tetrahedra e-silica awakhi i-lattice ephindaphindayo evamile njengasekristalu. Esikhundleni salokho, axhunywe ngokungahleliwe futhi abekwe ngendlela engahlelekile, njengenqwaba yamabhlogo okwakha ahlanganiswe ngokungahleliwe, akha isakhiwo sengilazi esingaphelele.
Lesi sakhiwo esingenasimo singenye yezinto ezihlukile phakathii-fiberglasskanye nengilazi evamile. Ngesikhathi senqubo yokupholisa ingilazi evamile, ama-athomu anesikhathi esanele sokwenza amakristalu amancane, ahlelwe endaweni, okuholela ekuqhekekeni okuphezulu. Ngokuphambene nalokho, i-fiberglass yenziwa ngokunwebeka ngokushesha nangokupholisa ingilazi encibilikisiwe. Ama-athomu awanaso isikhathi sokuzihlela ngendlela ehlelekile futhi “aqandisiwe” kulesi simo esingahlelekile nesingenasimo. Lokhu kunciphisa amaphutha emingceleni yekristalu, okuvumela i-fiber ukuthi igcine izakhiwo zengilazi ngenkathi ithola ukuqina okungcono namandla okudonsa.
Isakhiwo se-Monofilament: Into Efanayo Kusukela “Esikhumbeni” Kuya “Esiphakathini”
I-fiberglass esiyibonayo empeleni yakhiwe ngabaningiimicu eyodwa, kodwa i-monofilament ngayinye iyiyunithi ephelele yesakhiwo ngokwayo. I-monofilament ngokuvamile inobubanzi obungama-micrometer angu-5-20 (cishe ububanzi obuyi-1/5 kuya ku-1/2 yonwele lomuntu). Isakhiwo sayo sifana"Isimo esiqinile esiyindilinga"ngaphandle kokwehlukaniswa okusobala. Kodwa-ke, ngokombono wokusatshalaliswa kokwakheka okungabonakali, kukhona umehluko omncane "wesikhumba-ingqikithi".
Ngesikhathi senqubo yokudweba, njengoba ingilazi encibilikisiwe ikhishwa emigodini emincane ye-spinneret, ubuso buphola ngokushesha lapho buthintana nomoya, bakhe ungqimba oluncane kakhulu“isikhumba”ungqimba (cishe ubukhulu obungu-0.1-0.5 micrometers). Lolu ngqimba lwesikhumba luphola ngokushesha kakhulu kunolwangaphakathi"Umongo."Ngenxa yalokho, okuqukethwe yi-silicon dioxide ongqimbeni lwesikhumba kuphakeme kancane kunomongo, futhi ukuhlelwa kwe-athomu kuminyene kakhulu futhi kuneziphambeko ezimbalwa. Lo mehluko omncane ekwakhiweni nasekwakhekeni kwenza ubuso be-monofilament buqine ngokuqina nokumelana nokugqwala kunomongo. Kuphinde kunciphise amathuba okuqhekeka komongo—ukwehluleka kwezinto ngokuvamile kuqala ngeziphambeko zomongo, futhi lesi sikhumba esiminyene sisebenza njenge-"shell" evikelayo ye-monofilament.
Ngaphezu komehluko omncane wesikhumba nengaphakathi, ikhwalithi ephezului-fiberglassI-monofilament nayo inokulinganisa okuyisiyingi kakhulu esigabeni sayo esiphambeneyo, kanye nephutha lobubanzi elivame ukulawulwa ngaphakathi kwe-micrometer eyi-1. Lesi sakhiwo sejometri esifanayo siqinisekisa ukuthi lapho i-monofilament icindezelwe, ukucindezeleka kusatshalaliswa ngokulinganayo kulo lonke isigaba esiphambeneyo, kuvimbele ukugxilisaniswa kokucindezeleka okubangelwa ukungalungi kobukhulu bendawo futhi ngaleyo ndlela kuthuthukiswe amandla okudonsa jikelele.
Isakhiwo Esihlanganisiwe: Inhlanganisela Ehleliwe Ye-“Yarn” Ne-“Fabric”
Nakuba ama-monofilament eqinile, ububanzi bawo buncane kakhulu ukuthi bungasetshenziswa bodwa. Ngakho-ke, i-fiberglass ivame ukuba khona ngesimo se-"iqembu,"ngokuvamile njenge"Uboya be-fiberglass"futhi"Indwangu ye-fiberglass."Isakhiwo sabo siwumphumela wenhlanganisela ehlelekile yama-monofilaments.
Intambo ye-fiberglass iyiqoqo lama-monofilaments amaningi kuya kwayizinkulungwane, ahlanganiswe yinoma yimuphi"ukusonta"noma ukuba"akujiki."Intambo engasontiwe iyiqoqo elikhululekile lama-monofilaments ahambisanayo, anesakhiwo esilula, esisetshenziswa kakhulu ekwenzeni uboya beglasi, imicu eqoshiwe, njll. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, intambo esontiwe yakhiwa ngokusonta ama-monofilaments ndawonye, kwakhiwe isakhiwo esijikelezayo esifana nentambo kakotini. Lesi sakhiwo sandisa amandla okubopha phakathi kwama-monofilaments, sivimbele intambo ukuthi ingaqhekeki ngaphansi kokucindezeleka, okwenza ifanelekele ukuluka, ukugoqa, kanye nezinye izindlela zokucubungula.“ukubala”yentambo (inkomba ekhombisa inani lama-monofilaments, isibonelo, intambo ye-tex engu-1200 yakhiwe ama-monofilaments angu-1200) kanye“ukusonta”(inani lokusonta ngobude beyunithi ngayinye) linquma ngqo amandla entambo, ukuguquguquka kwayo, kanye nokusebenza kwayo kokucubungula okulandelayo.
Indwangu ye-fiberglass iyisakhiwo esifana neshidi esenziwe ngentambo ye-fiberglass ngenqubo yokweluka. Izinhlobo ezintathu eziyisisekelo zokuluka ziyi-plain, twill, kanye ne-satin.Ukuluka okungenaluthoIndwangu yakhiwa ngokushintshana kokuhlanganisa izintambo ze-warp kanye ne-weft, okuholela esakhiweni esiqinile esinokungena okuphansi kodwa esinamandla afanayo, okwenza sifaneleke njengesisekelo sezinto ezihlanganisiwe.ukuluka kwe-twillIndwangu, i-warp kanye ne-weft yarns ziyahlangana ngesilinganiso esingu-2:1 noma u-3:1, okudala iphethini evundlile ebusweni. Iguquguquka kakhulu kune-plain weave futhi ivame ukusetshenziselwa imikhiqizo edinga ukugoba noma ukubumba.Ukuluka kwe-Satininezindawo ezimbalwa zokuxubana, kanye nezintambo ezigobile noma ezigobile ezakha imigqa eqhubekayo yokuntanta ebusweni. Lokhu kweluka kuthambile uma kuthintwa futhi kunobuso obubushelelezi, okwenza kufaneleke ezingxenyeni zokuhlobisa noma ezingashayisani kahle.
Kungakhathaliseki ukuthi uboya noma indwangu, ingqikithi yesakhiwo esihlangene ukufeza ukuthuthukiswa kokusebenza kwe“1+1>2″ngokusebenzisa inhlanganisela ehlelekile yama-monofilaments. Ama-monofilaments anikeza amandla ayisisekelo, kuyilapho isakhiwo esihlangene sinikeza izinto ezifomini ezahlukene, ukuguquguquka, kanye nokuzivumelanisa nezimo ukuze kuhlangatshezwane nezidingo ezahlukahlukene, kusukela ekushiseni ukushisa kuya ekuqiniseni isakhiwo.
Isikhathi sokuthunyelwe: Septhemba 16-2025
