Lapho sibona imikhiqizo eyenziwei-fiberglass, sivame ukuqaphela ukubukeka nokusetshenziswa kwazo kuphela, kodwa asivamile ukucabanga: Siyini isakhiwo sangaphakathi salo mcu ozacile omnyama noma omhlophe? Yilezi zakhiwo ezincane ezingabonakali ezinikeza i-fiberglass izici zayo ezihlukile, njengamandla aphezulu, ukumelana nezinga lokushisa eliphezulu, nokumelana nokugqwala. Namuhla, sizongena "ezweni elingaphakathi" le-fiberglass ukuze siveze izimfihlo zesakhiwo sayo.
I-Microscopic Foundation: “I-Disordered Order” Ezingeni Le-Atomic
Ngokombono we-athomu, ingxenye ewumgogodla ye-fiberglass yi-silicon dioxide (imvamisa engu-50% -70% ngesisindo), nezinye izakhi ezifana ne-calcium oxide, i-magnesium oxide, ne-aluminium oxide yengezwe ukulungisa izakhiwo zayo. Ukuhlelwa kwalawa ma-athomu kunquma izici eziyisisekelo ze-fiberglass.
Ngokungafani "nohlelo lwebanga elide" lama-athomu ezintweni ezicwebezelayo (njengezinsimbi noma amakristalu e-quartz), ukuhlelwa kwe-athomu emibukisweni ye-fiberglass"ukuhleleka kwebanga elifushane, ukuphazamiseka kwebanga elide."Kalula nje, endaweni yendawo (ngaphakathi kwebanga lama-athomu ambalwa), ibhondi ngayinye ye-athomu ye-silicon enama-athomu amane omoya-mpilo, akha iphiramidi efana nephiramidi."silica tetrahedron"isakhiwo. Kuyaodiwa leli lungiselelo lendawo. Kodwa-ke, ngezinga elikhulu, lezi tetrahedra ze-silica azenzi i-lattice ephindaphindayo njengekristalu. Esikhundleni salokho, axhumeke ngokungahleliwe futhi apakishwe ngendlela engahlelekile, efana nenqwaba yamabhulokhi okwakha aqoqwe ngokungahleliwe, akhe uhlaka lwengilazi e-amorphous.
Lesi sakhiwo se-amorphous singomunye womehluko oyinhloko phakathii-fiberglasskanye nengilazi evamile. Phakathi nenqubo yokupholisa yengilazi evamile, ama-athomu anesikhathi esanele sokwenza amakristalu amancane, ahlelwe endaweni, okuholela ekubeni brittleness ephakeme. Ngokuphambene, i-fiberglass yenziwa ukwelula nokupholisa ingilazi encibilikisiwe. Ama-athomu awanaso isikhathi sokuzihlela ngendlela ehlelekile futhi “aqandisiwe” kulesi simo sokungalawuleki, esine-amorphous. Lokhu kunciphisa amaphutha emingceleni yekristalu, okuvumela ifayibha ukuthi igcine izakhiwo zengilazi kuyilapho ithola ukuqina okungcono namandla aqinile.
Isakhiwo se-Monofilament: Ibhizinisi Elifanayo ukusuka kokuthi "Isikhumba" ukuya "kuCore"
I-fiberglass esiyibonayo empeleni yakhiwe abaningiama-monofilaments, kodwa i-monofilament ngayinye iyiyunithi yesakhiwo ephelele ngokwayo. I-monofilament ngokuvamile inobubanzi obuyi-5-20 micrometers (cishe u-1/5 kuya ku-1/2 ububanzi bezinwele zomuntu). Isakhiwo sawo siwumfaniswano"i-solid cylindrical shape"ngaphandle kokubekwa okusobala. Kodwa-ke, ngokombono wokusatshalaliswa kokwakheka kwe-microscopic, kunomehluko ocashile "we-skin-core".
Phakathi nenqubo yokudweba, njengoba ingilazi encibilikisiwe ikhishwa emigodini emincane ye-spinneret, ingaphezulu liphola ngokushesha lapho lithintana nomoya, lenze into encane kakhulu."isikhumba"ungqimba (cishe 0.1-0.5 micrometers obukhulu). Lolu ngqimba lwesikhumba luphola ngokushesha kakhulu kunolwangaphakathi"core."Ngenxa yalokho, okuqukethwe kwe-silicon dioxide ongqimbeni lwesikhumba kuphakeme kancane kunangaphakathi, futhi ukuhlelwa kwe-athomu kuminyene futhi kuneziphambeko ezimbalwa. Lo mehluko ocashile ekubunjweni nasekubunjweni kwenza ubuso be-monofilament buqine ngobulukhuni nokumelana nokugqwala kunomongo. Iphinde inciphise amathuba okuqhekeka kwendawo—ukwehluleka kwezinto ngokuvamile kuqala ngokukhubazeka kwendawo, futhi lesi sikhumba esiminyene sisebenza “njengegobolondo” elivikelayo le-monofilament.
Ngaphezu komehluko ocashile wesikhumba, ikhwalithi ephezului-fiberglassI-monofilament futhi inokulingana okuyindilinga kakhulu esigabeni sayo esiphambanayo, ngephutha lobubanzi elivamise ukulawulwa libe ngaphakathi kwe-micrometer engu-1. Lesi sakhiwo sejiyomethri esifanayo siqinisekisa ukuthi lapho i-monofilament igcizelelwa, ingcindezi isatshalaliswa ngokulinganayo kuyo yonke ingxenye yesiphambano, ivimbela ukugxiliswa kwengcindezi okubangelwa ukungahambi kahle kokuqina kwendawo futhi ngaleyo ndlela kuthuthukiswe amandla okuqina.
Isakhiwo Esihlanganisiwe: Inhlanganisela Eyaliwe “Yendwangu” kanye “Nendwangu”
Ngenkathi ama-monofilaments eqinile, ububanzi bawo buhle kakhulu ukuthi bungasetshenziswa wodwa. Ngakho-ke, i-fiberglass ngokuvamile ikhona ngendlela ye-a“kuhlangene,”ngokuvamile njenge"Intambo ye-fiberglass"futhi"Indwangu ye-fiberglass."Isakhiwo sabo siwumphumela wokuhlanganiswa okuhlelekile kwama-monofilaments.
Intambo ye-Fiberglass iqoqo lamaduzene kuya ezinkulungwaneni zama-monofilaments, ahlanganiswe noma yikuphi"ukusonta"noma ukuba“engasontiwe.”Intambo engasontiwe iyiqoqo elixekethile lama-monofilaments ahambisanayo, anesakhiwo esilula, esisetshenziselwa ngokuyinhloko ukwenza uboya bengilazi, imicu eqoshiwe, njll. Intambo ephothiwe, ngakolunye uhlangothi, yakhiwe ngokusonta ama-monofilaments ndawonye, okudala isakhiwo esivunguzayo esifana nentambo kakotini. Lesi sakhiwo sandisa amandla okubopha phakathi kwama-monofilaments, sivimbele intambo ukuba ingaqaqeki ngaphansi kwengcindezi, iyenze ifanelekele ukwaluka, ukusongwa, nezinye izindlela zokucubungula. I"bala"wentambo (inkomba ekhombisa inani lama-monofilaments, isibonelo, intambo ye-tex engu-1200 yakhiwe ngama-monofilaments angu-1200) kanye“sonteka”(inombolo yokusonta ngobude beyunithi ngayinye) inquma ngokuqondile amandla entambo, ukuguquguquka, kanye nokusebenza kokucubungula okulandelayo.
Indwangu ye-Fiberglass iyisakhiwo esifana neshidi esenziwe ngentambo ye-fiberglass ngenqubo yokweluka. Izindwangu ezintathu eziyisisekelo ziyi-plain, twill, ne-satin.I-Plain weaveIndwangu yakhiwa ngokushintshana kokuxhumanisa kwezintambo eziqondile kanye ne-weft, okuholela esakhiweni esiqinile esinokungena okuphansi kodwa amandla afanayo, okuyenza ifaneleke njengento eyisisekelo yezinto eziyinhlanganisela. Kutwill weaveIndwangu, intambo eqondile kanye ne-weft ihlangana ngesilinganiso esingu-2:1 noma 3:1, idala iphethini ediagonali ngaphezulu. Iguquguquka kakhulu kune-plain weave futhi ivame ukusetshenziselwa imikhiqizo edinga ukugoba noma ukubunjwa.I-Satin weaveinamaphoyinti ambalwa ahlanganayo, anezintambo eziqondile noma ezisontekile ezakha imigqa entantayo eqhubekayo phezulu. Le weave ithambile uma uthintwa futhi inobuso obushelelezi, okuyenza ifaneleke ukuhlobisa noma izingxenye zokungqubuzana okuphansi.
Kungakhathaliseki ukuthi intambo noma indwangu, umnyombo wesakhiwo esihlangene ukuzuza ukuthuthukiswa kokusebenza kwe“1+1>2″ngokusebenzisa inhlanganisela odotiwe monofilaments. Ama-monofilaments anikeza amandla ayisisekelo, kuyilapho ukwakheka okuhlangene kunikeza impahla amafomu ahlukene, ukuguquguquka, nokuvumelana nezimo ukuze kuhlangatshezwane nezidingo ezihlukahlukene, kusukela ekufakeni ukushisa kuya ekuqinisweni kwesakhiwo.
Isikhathi sokuthumela: Sep-16-2025
