Kunokukhethwa okubanzi kwezinto zokusetshenziswa ezihlanganisiwe, okuhlanganisa ama-resins, imicu, nezinto eziyinhloko, futhi into ngayinye inezakhiwo zayo ezihlukile zamandla, ukuqina, ukuqina, kanye nokuzinza kokushisa, ngezindleko ezihlukene kanye nemikhiqizo. Kodwa-ke, ukusebenza kokugcina kwezinto ezihlanganisiwe akuhlobene nje kuphela ne-resin matrix kanye nemicu (kanye nezinto eziyinhloko esakhiweni sezinto zesandwich), kodwa futhi kuhlobene eduze nendlela yokuklama kanye nenqubo yokukhiqiza yezinto ezikulesi sakhiwo. Kuleli phepha, sizokwethula izindlela zokukhiqiza ezisetshenziswa kakhulu zezinto ezihlanganisiwe, izici eziyinhloko ezithonya indlela ngayinye kanye nendlela izinto zokusetshenziswa ezikhethwa ngayo izinqubo ezahlukene.
Ukubumba okufuthayo
1, incazelo yendlela: izinto zokuqinisa ifayibha ezisikiwe kanye nohlelo lwe-resin ngesikhathi esifanayo zifuthwa esikhumbeni, bese zihlanzwa ngaphansi kwengcindezi yomoya zibe imikhiqizo ehlanganisiwe yenqubo yokubumba.
2. Ukukhetha izinto:
I-resin: ikakhulukazi i-polyester
I-Fiber: intambo yefayibha yengilazi eqinile
Izinto eziyinhloko: azikho, kudingeka zihlanganiswe ne-plywood kuphela
3. Izinzuzo Eziyinhloko:
1) Umlando omude wobuciko
2) Izindleko eziphansi, ukwakheka okusheshayo kwe-fiber kanye ne-resin
3) Izindleko eziphansi zesikhunta
4, izinkinga ezinkulu:
1) I-plywood kulula ukuyakha indawo ecebile nge-resin, inesisindo esikhulu
2) Kungasetshenziswa imicu emifushane kuphela, okunciphisa kakhulu izakhiwo ze-plywood.
3) Ukuze kube lula ukufutha, i-resin viscosity idinga ukuba phansi ngokwanele, ilahlekelwe yizakhiwo zomshini nezokushisa zezinto ezihlanganisiwe.
4) Okuqukethwe okuphezulu kwe-styrene ye-spray resin kusho ukuthi kunobungozi obukhulu kumqhubi, kanti i-viscosity ephansi isho ukuthi i-resin ingangena kalula ezingutsheni zomsebenzi zesisebenzi bese ithintana ngqo nesikhumba.
5) Ukugcwala kwe-styrene eguquguqukayo emoyeni kunzima ukuhlangabezana nezidingo zomthetho.
5. Izicelo Ezijwayelekile:
Uthango olulula, amaphaneli esakhiwo aphansi njengemizimba yezimoto eziguqulwayo, ama-fairing amaloli, amabhavu kanye nezikebhe ezincane.
Ukubumba Ngesandla
1, incazelo yendlela: ukufaka i-resin ngesandla emicubeni, imicu ingalukwa, ilukwe, ithungwe noma iboshwe kanye nezinye izindlela zokuqinisa, ukubumba ngesandla kuvame ukwenziwa ngama-roller noma amabhulashi, bese i-resin icindezelwa nge-roller yeglue ukuze ingene emicubeni. I-plywood ibekwa ngaphansi kwengcindezi evamile ukuze iphole.
2. Ukukhetha izinto:
I-Resin: akukho mfuneko, i-epoxy, i-polyester, i-ester esekelwe ku-polyethylene, ama-resin e-phenolic ayatholakala
I-fibre: azikho izidingo, kodwa isisindo esiyisisekelo se-fibre enkulu ye-aramid kunzima ukusifaka ngesandla.
Izinto eziyinhloko: akukho mfuneko
3, izinzuzo eziyinhloko:
1) Umlando omude wobuchwepheshe
2) Kulula ukufunda
3) izindleko eziphansi zesikhunta uma usebenzisa i-resin yokwelapha yokushisa kwegumbi
4) Ukukhetha okubanzi kwezinto zokwakha kanye nabaphakeli
5) Okuqukethwe kwefayibha ephezulu, kusetshenziswa imicu emide kunenqubo yokufafaza
4, Izinkinga Eziyinhloko:
1) Ukuxuba i-resin, okuqukethwe kwe-laminate resin kanye nekhwalithi kuhlobene kakhulu nekhono lomqhubi, kunzima ukuthola okuqukethwe kwe-resin okuphansi kanye nokuvuleka okuphansi kwe-laminate.
2) Izingozi zempilo nokuphepha kwe-resin, lapho isisindo sama-molecule se-resin ebekwe ngesandla siphansi, lapho ingozi yempilo ingaba nkulu khona, lapho i-viscosity iphansi khona kusho ukuthi i-resin inamathuba amaningi okungena ezingutsheni zomsebenzi zabasebenzi bese ithintana ngqo nesikhumba.
3) Uma kungekho umoya omuhle ongenile, ukugcwala kwe-styrene ephuma kuma-ester asekelwe ku-polyester kanye ne-polyethylene emoyeni kunzima ukuhlangabezana nezidingo zomthetho.
4) Ukuqina kwe-resin yokunamathisela ngesandla kudingeka kube phansi kakhulu, ngakho-ke okuqukethwe yi-styrene noma ezinye izinyibilikisi kumele kube phezulu, ngaleyo ndlela kulahlekelwe yizakhiwo zemishini/zokushisa zezinto ezihlanganisiwe.
5) Izicelo ezijwayelekile: ama-blade e-wind turbine ajwayelekile, izikebhe ezikhiqizwe ngobuningi, amamodeli ezakhiwo.
Inqubo yokufaka isikhwama se-vacuum
1. Incazelo Yendlela: Inqubo yokufaka isikhwama se-vacuum iyisandiso senqubo engenhla yokubeka ngesandla, okungukuthi ukuvala ungqimba lwefilimu yepulasitiki ku-mold kuzoba yi-vacuum ye-plywood yokubeka ngesandla, kusetshenziswa ingcindezi yomoya ku-plywood ukuze kufezwe umphumela wokukhathala nokuqinisa, ukuze kuthuthukiswe ikhwalithi yezinto ezihlanganisiwe.
2. Ukukhetha izinto:
I-Resin: ikakhulukazi ama-resin epoxy nama-phenolic, i-polyester kanye ne-ester esekelwe ku-polyethylene ayisebenzi, ngoba aqukethe i-styrene, i-volatilization ephampini ye-vacuum
I-fibre: akukho mfuneko, noma ngabe isisindo sesisekelo se-fibre enkulu singangena ngaphansi kwengcindezi
Izinto eziyinhloko: akukho mfuneko
3. Izinzuzo Eziyinhloko:
1) Okuqukethwe kwefayibha ephezulu kunenqubo ejwayelekile yokubeka izandla kungafinyelelwa
2) Isilinganiso se-void siphansi kunenqubo ejwayelekile yokubeka izandla.
3) Ngaphansi kwengcindezi engemihle, i-resin igeleza ngokwanele ukuthuthukisa izinga lokungena kwefayibha, vele, ingxenye ye-resin izomuncwa yizinto ezisetshenziswayo ze-vacuum
4) Impilo nokuphepha: inqubo yokufaka isikhwama se-vacuum inganciphisa ukukhishwa kwezinto eziguquguqukayo ngesikhathi senqubo yokulungisa
4, Izinkinga Eziyinhloko:
1) Inqubo eyengeziwe inyusa izindleko zomsebenzi kanye nezinto ezilahlwayo zesikhwama se-vacuum
2) Izidingo zamakhono aphezulu kubasebenzi
3) Ukuxuba i-resin nokulawula okuqukethwe kwe-resin kuncike kakhulu ekhonweni lomqhubi
4) Nakuba izikhwama zokuhlanza zinciphisa ukukhishwa kwezinto eziguquguqukayo, ingozi yempilo kumqhubi isephezulu kuneyokufakwa noma inqubo yokulungiselela
5, Izicelo ezijwayelekile: usayizi omkhulu, izikebhe zohlobo olulodwa olulinganiselwe, izingxenye zezimoto zomjaho, inqubo yokwakha imikhumbi yokubopha izinto eziyinhloko.
Ukubumba Okugoqekayo
1. Incazelo yendlela: Inqubo yokugoqa isetshenziswa ngokuyinhloko ukukhiqiza izingxenye zesakhiwo ezingenalutho, eziyindilinga noma ezimise okweqanda njengemibhobho nemifudlana. Izinqwaba zefayibha zifakwa i-resin bese ziboshelwa ku-mandrel ngezindlela ezahlukene. Inqubo ilawulwa umshini wokugoqa kanye nesivinini se-mandrel.
2. Ukukhetha izinto:
I-Resin: akukho mfuneko, njenge-epoxy, i-polyester, i-ester esekelwe ku-polyethylene kanye ne-phenolic resin, njll.
I-fibre: azikho izidingo, ukusetshenziswa okuqondile kwe-fiber bundles yohlaka lwe-spool, akudingeki ukuthi uluke noma uthunge okulukiwe endwangu ye-fibre
Izinto eziyinhloko: akukho mfuneko, kodwa isikhumba ngokuvamile siyizinto ezihlanganisiwe ezinesendlalelo esisodwa
3. izinzuzo eziyinhloko:
(1) isivinini sokukhiqiza esisheshayo, kuyindlela engabizi futhi enengqondo yokubeka phansi
(2) Okuqukethwe kwe-resin kungalawulwa ngokulinganisa inani le-resin elithwalwa yizinqwaba ze-fiber ezidlula emseleni we-resin.
(3) Izindleko zefayibha ezincishisiwe, akukho inqubo yokweluka ephakathi nendawo
(4) ukusebenza kahle kwesakhiwo, ngoba izinqwaba zefayibha eziqondile zingabekwa eceleni kweziqondiso ezahlukene zokuthwala umthwalo
4. Izinkinga ezinkulu:
(1) Inqubo inqunyelwe ezakhiweni eziyindilinga eziyizimbobo.
(2) Ama-fibre awahlelwa kalula nangokunembile eceleni kwe-axial yengxenye
(3) Izindleko eziphakeme zokubumba okuhle kwe-mandrel kwezingxenye ezinkulu zesakhiwo
(4) Ubuso obungaphandle besakhiwo abuyona indawo yokubumba, ngakho-ke ubuhle bubi kakhulu
(5) Ukusetshenziswa kwe-resin ene-viscosity ephansi, kudingeka sinake izakhiwo zemishini kanye nokusebenza kwezempilo nokuphepha
Izicelo ezijwayelekile: amathangi okugcina amakhemikhali namapayipi, amasilinda, amathangi okuphefumula abacimi bomlilo.
Ukubumba kwe-Pultrusion
1. incazelo yendlela: kusuka ku-bobbin holder, i-fiber bundle edonswe ngeglue idlula epuletini lokushisa, epuletini lokushisa ukuze kuqedwe i-resin ekungeneni kwe-fiber, futhi kulawulwe okuqukethwe kwe-resin, futhi ekugcineni izinto zizopholiswa zibe yisimo esidingekayo; lesi simo somkhiqizo opholisiwe ohleliwe sinqunywa ngomshini sibe nobude obuhlukene. Ama-fiber angangena futhi epuletini elishisayo ngezindlela ezingewona ama-degree angu-0. Ukukhipha kanye nokubumba okwelula kuyinqubo yokukhiqiza eqhubekayo futhi isigaba somkhiqizo ngokuvamile sinesimo esiqinile, okuvumela ukushintsha okuncane. Sizodlula epuletini elishisayo lezinto ezimanziswe ngaphambilini futhi sisakazeke esikhumbeni ngokushesha, yize inqubo enjalo ingaqhubeki kangako, kodwa ingafinyelela ushintsho lwesimo sesigaba esiphambene.
2. Ukukhetha izinto:
I-Resin: ngokuvamile i-epoxy, i-polyester, i-ester esekelwe ku-polyethylene kanye ne-phenolic resin, njll.
I-Fiber: akukho mfuneko
Izinto eziyinhloko: azisetshenziswa njalo
3. Izinzuzo Eziyinhloko:
(1) isivinini sokukhiqiza esisheshayo, kuyindlela engabizi futhi enengqondo yokumanzisa nokulungisa izinto kusengaphambili
(2) ukulawulwa okunembile kokuqukethwe kwe-resin
(3) ukunciphisa izindleko zefayibha, akukho inqubo yokweluka ephakathi nendawo
(4) izakhiwo ezinhle kakhulu, ngoba izinqwaba zefayibha zihlelwe ngemigqa eqondile, ingxenye yevolumu yefayibha iphakeme
(5) indawo yokungena kwefayibha ingavalwa ngokuphelele ukuze kuncishiswe ukukhishwa kwezinto eziguquguqukayo
4. izinkinga eziyinhloko:
(1) inqubo ikhawulela ukuma kwesigaba esiphambeneyo
(2) Izindleko eziphezulu zepuleti lokushisa
5. Izicelo ezijwayelekile: imishayo kanye nezinsika zezakhiwo zezindlu, amabhuloho, amaladi kanye nocingo.
Inqubo Yokubumba Ukudlulisa I-Resin (RTM)
1. Incazelo yendlela: Imicu eyomile ibekwa esikhumbeni esingezansi, esingacindezelwa kusengaphambili ukuze imicu ivumelane nesimo sesikhumbeni ngangokunokwenzeka futhi iboshwe ngokunamathela; bese kuthi, isikhumbeni esiphezulu sinamathele esikhumbeni esingezansi ukuze sakhe umgodi, bese kuthi i-resin ifakwe esikhumbeni. Ukujova kwe-resin okusizwa yi-vacuum kanye nokungena kwemicu, okwaziwa ngokuthi i-Vacuum-Assisted Resin Injection (VARI), kuvame ukusetshenziswa. Uma ukungena kwe-fiber sekuqediwe, i-valve yokufaka i-resin iyavalwa bese i-composite iyalapheka. Ukujova kwe-resin kanye nokwelapha kungenziwa ekushiseni kwegumbi noma ngaphansi kwezimo ezishisayo.
2. Ukukhethwa Kwezinto:
I-Resin: ngokuvamile i-epoxy, i-polyester, i-polyvinyl ester kanye ne-phenolic resin, i-bismaleimide resin ingasetshenziswa ekushiseni okuphezulu
I-fibre: akukho mfuneko. I-fibre ethungiwe ifaneleka kakhulu kule nqubo, ngoba igebe eliphakathi kwe-fibre bundle livumela ukudluliselwa kwe-resin; kune-fibre ethuthukiswe ngokukhethekile engakhuthaza ukugeleza kwe-resin
Izinto eziyinhloko: i-foam yeselula ayifaneleki, ngoba amaseli e-honeycomb azogcwaliswa nge-resin, futhi ingcindezi izobangela nokuthi i-foam iwele.
3. izinzuzo eziyinhloko:
(1) Ingxenye ephezulu yevolumu yefayibha, ukuvuleka okuphansi
(2) Impilo nokuphepha, indawo yokusebenza ehlanzekile nehlelekile njengoba i-resin ivaliwe ngokuphelele.
(3) Nciphisa ukusetshenziswa kwezisebenzi
(4) Izinhlangothi ezingaphezulu nezingezansi zezingxenye zesakhiwo ziyizindawo ezibunjiwe, okulula ukwelapha indawo elandelayo.
4. Izinkinga ezinkulu:
(1) Izikhunta ezisetshenziswa ndawonye ziyabiza, zinzima futhi zinkulu kakhulu ukuze zikwazi ukumelana nengcindezi enkulu.
(2) kunqunyelwe ekwenziweni kwezingxenye ezincane
(3) Izindawo ezingamanzi zingaba khona kalula, okuholela enanini elikhulu lezinto ezilahliwe
5. Izicelo ezijwayelekile: i-space shuttle encane neyinkimbinkimbi kanye nezingxenye zezimoto, izihlalo zesitimela.
Isikhathi sokuthunyelwe: Agasti-08-2024
