Umthelela we-Fiberglass ekuphikisweni kokuguguleka kwekhonkrithi ephinde yasetshenziswa

Ithonya le-fiberglass ekumelaneni nokuguguleka kwekhonkrithi esetshenzisiwe (eyenziwe ngama-aggregates ekhonkrithi esetshenzisiwe) liyisihloko esithakazelisayo kakhulu kwisayensi yezinto zokwakha kanye nobunjiniyela bezokwakha. Nakuba ikhonkrithi esetshenzisiwe inikeza izinzuzo zemvelo kanye nokusetshenziswa kabusha kwezinsiza, izakhiwo zayo zomshini kanye nokuqina kwayo (isb., ukumelana nokuguguleka) kuvame ukuba ngaphansi kunekhonkrithi evamile. I-Fiberglass, njenge-izinto zokuqinisa, ingathuthukisa ukusebenza kwekhonkrithi ephinde yasetshenziswa ngokusebenzisa izindlela zomzimba nezamakhemikhali. Nasi ukuhlaziywa okuningiliziwe:

1. Izakhiwo kanye Nemisebenzi yeI-fiberglass

I-Fiberglass, into engeyona eyensimbi engaphili, ikhombisa izici ezilandelayo:
Amandla aphezulu okudonseka: Kunciphisa amandla aphansi okudonseka kwekhonkrithi.
Ukumelana nokugqwala: Kumelana nokuhlaselwa ngamakhemikhali (isib. ama-ion e-chloride, ama-sulfate).
Ukuqina nokumelana nokuqhekeka**: Kuhlanganisa ukuqhekeka okuncane ukuze kubambezele ukusabalala kokuqhekeka futhi kunciphise ukungena kwamanzi.

2. Ukuqina Okungapheleli Kokhonkolo Osetshenzisiwe

Ama-aggregates asetshenziswe kabusha ane-residual cement paste enezimbobo ebusweni bawo aholela ku:
Indawo yokuguquguquka kwe-interfacial ebuthakathaka (i-ITZ): Ukuxhumana okungekuhle phakathi kwezinto ezisetshenzisiwe kanye ne-paste entsha yesamente, okudala izindlela ezivulekayo.
Ukungangenwa kwamanzi okuphansi: Izinto ezigugulekayo (isb., Cl⁻, SO₄²⁻) zingena kalula, zibangele ukugqwala kwensimbi noma umonakalo omkhulu.
Ukumelana nokuncibilika okungekuhle kweqhwa: Ukwanda kweqhwa ezimbotsheni kubangela ukuqhekeka nokuqhekeka.

3. Izindlela ze-Fiberglass Ekuthuthukiseni Ukumelana Nokuguguleka Kwenhlabathi

(1) Imiphumela Yesithiyo Esingokomzimba
Ukuvimbela imifantu: Imicu ehlakazekile ngokulinganayo ivala imifantu emincane, ivimbele ukukhula kwayo futhi inciphise izindlela zezinto ezigugulekayo.
Ukuqina okuthuthukisiwe: Ama-fibre agcwalisa ama-pores, ehlisa ama-pores futhi anciphise ukusabalala kwezinto eziyingozi.

(2) Ukuzinza Kwamakhemikhali
I-fiberglass engamelani ne-alkali(isb., ingilazi ye-AR): Imicu ehlanzwe phezulu ihlala izinzile ezindaweni ezine-alkali ephezulu, igwema ukuwohloka.
Ukuqinisa i-interface: Ukubopha okuqinile kwe-fiber-matrix kunciphisa amaphutha ku-ITZ, kunciphisa izingozi zokuguguleka kwendawo.

(3) Ukumelana Nezinhlobo Ezithile Zokuguguleka
Ukumelana ne-chloride ion: Ukwakheka kwemifantu okuncishisiwe kunciphisa ukungena kwe-Cl⁻, kubambezele ukugqwala kwensimbi.
Ukumelana nokuhlaselwa yi-sulfate: Ukukhula kwemifantu okucindezelwe kunciphisa umonakalo ovela ekubunjweni nasekukhuleni kwe-sulfate.
Ukuqina kokuqandisa nokuncibilikisa: Ukuguquguquka kwefayibha kubamba ukucindezeleka okuvela ekwakhekeni kweqhwa, kunciphisa ukuqhekeka kobuso.

4. Izinto Ezibalulekile Ezithonyayo

Umthamo wefayibha: Ububanzi obuhle kakhulu bungu-0.5%–2% (ngomthamo); imicu eningi kakhulu ibangela ukuhlangana kanye nokuncipha kokuminyana.
Ubude befayibha kanye nokusabalala kwayo: Imicu emide (12–24 mm) ithuthukisa ukuqina kwayo kodwa idinga ukusatshalaliswa okufanayo.
Ikhwalithi yama-aggregates asetshenziswe kabusha: Ukumuncwa kwamanzi amaningi noma okuqukethwe okusele kwe-mortar kwenza buthaka ukubopha kwe-fiber-matrix.

5. Okutholakele Ocwaningweni kanye Neziphetho Ezisebenzayo

Imiphumela emihle: Izifundo eziningi zibonisa ukuthi kufanelekilei-fiberglassUkwengeza kuthuthukisa kakhulu ukungangenwa kwamanzi, ukumelana ne-chloride, kanye nokumelana ne-sulfate. Isibonelo, i-fiberglass engu-1% inganciphisa ama-coefficients okusabalala kwe-chloride ngo-20%–30%.
Ukusebenza kwesikhathi eside: Ukuqina kwemicu ezindaweni ezine-alkaline kudinga ukunakwa. Izembozo ezingamelana ne-alkali noma imicu exubile (isb., ene-polypropylene) zithuthukisa ubude besikhathi.
Imikhawulo: Ama-aggregates asetshenziswe kabusha asezingeni eliphansi (isb., ukubhoboka okuphezulu, ukungcola) anganciphisa izinzuzo zefayibha.

6. Izincomo Zokusebenzisa

Izimo ezifanele: Izindawo zasolwandle, inhlabathi enosawoti, noma izakhiwo ezidinga ukhonkolo osetshenziswa kabusha ohlala isikhathi eside.
Ukulungiswa kwe-Mix: Hlola umthamo wefayibha, isilinganiso sokufakwa esikhundleni se-aggregate esiphinde sasetshenziswa, kanye nokusebenzisana nezinye izithako (isb., i-silica fume).
Ukulawulwa kwekhwalithi: Qinisekisa ukusabalala kwefayibha okufanayo ukuze ugweme ukugoqana ngesikhathi sokuxuba.

Isifinyezo

I-Fiberglass ithuthukisa ukumelana nokuguguleka kwekhonkrithi ephinde yasetshenziswa ngokuqinisa ngokomzimba kanye nokuzinzisa amakhemikhali. Ukusebenza kwayo kuncike ohlotsheni lwefayibha, umthamo, kanye nekhwalithi ehlanganisiwe ephinde yasetshenziswa. Ucwaningo lwesikhathi esizayo kufanele lugxile ekuqineni kwesikhathi eside kanye nezindlela zokukhiqiza ezingabizi kakhulu ukuze kube lula ukusetshenziswa kobunjiniyela obukhulu.