Iqhaza Eliyinhloko Le-Silica (SiO2) ku-E-Glass

I-Silica (SiO2) idlala indima ebalulekile futhi eyisisekeloIngilazi ye-E, eyakha isisekelo sazo zonke izakhiwo zayo ezinhle kakhulu. Kalula nje, i-silica "iyinethiwekhi yangaphambili" noma "i-skeleton" ye-E-glass. Umsebenzi wayo ungahlukaniswa ngokukhethekile kulezi zindawo ezilandelayo:

1. Ukwakhiwa Kwesakhiwo Senethiwekhi Yengilazi (Umsebenzi Oyinhloko)

Lona umsebenzi oyisisekelo kakhulu we-silica. I-silica iyi-oxide eyenza ingilazi ngokwayo. I-SiO4​tetrahedra yayo ixhunywe enye kwenye ngokuhlanganisa ama-athomu omoya-mpilo, akhe uhlaka lwenethiwekhi olunezinhlangothi ezintathu eziqhubekayo, eziqinile, nezingahleliwe.

• Isifaniso:Lokhu kufana nohlaka lwensimbi lwendlu esakhiwayo. I-silica ihlinzeka ngohlaka oluyinhloko lwaso sonke isakhiwo sengilazi, kuyilapho ezinye izingxenye (ezifana ne-calcium oxide, i-aluminium oxide, i-boron oxide, njll.) ziyizinto ezigcwalisa noma eziguqula lolu hlaka lwamathambo ukuze lulungise ukusebenza.
• Ngaphandle kwalolu hlaka lwamathambo e-silica, into yesimo esiyingilazi ezinzile ayikwazi ukwakheka.

2. Ukuhlinzekwa Kokusebenza Okuhle Kakhulu Kokufakwa Kwamandla Kagesi

• Ukungazweli Kagesi Okuphezulu:I-silica ngokwayo inokuhamba kwe-ion ephansi kakhulu, futhi isibopho samakhemikhali (i-Si-O bond) izinzile futhi iqinile, okwenza kube nzima uku-ionize. Inethiwekhi eqhubekayo eyakhayo ikhawulela kakhulu ukunyakaza kwamashaji kagesi, inikeze i-E-glass ukumelana nevolumu ephezulu kakhulu kanye nokumelana nendawo.
• I-Low Dielectric Constant kanye ne-Low Dielectric Loss:I-E-glass's dielectric properties izinzile kakhulu kumafrikhwensi aphezulu kanye namazinga okushisa aphezulu. Lokhu kubangelwa ikakhulukazi ukulinganisa nokuzinza kwesakhiwo senethiwekhi ye-SiO2, okuholela ezingeni eliphansi le-polarization kanye nokulahlekelwa amandla okuncane (ukuguqulwa ekushiseni) endaweni kagesi ye-high-frequency. Lokhu kuyenza ilungele ukusetshenziswa njengezinto zokuqinisa amabhodi esekethe kagesi (PCBs) kanye nama-insulators anamandla kagesi.

3. Ukuqinisekisa Ukuzinza Okuhle Kwamakhemikhali

Ingilazi ye-E ikhombisa ukumelana okuhle namanzi, ama-asidi (ngaphandle kwe-hydrofluoric ne-hot phosphoric acid), namakhemikhali.

• Indawo engaphansi:Inethiwekhi eminyene ye-Si-O-Si inomsebenzi wamakhemikhali ophansi kakhulu futhi ayiphenduli kalula ngamanzi noma ama-H+ ions. Ngakho-ke, ukumelana kwayo ne-hydrolysis kanye nokumelana ne-asidi kuhle kakhulu. Lokhu kuqinisekisa ukuthi izinto eziyinhlanganisela eziqiniswa i-E-glass fiber zigcina ukusebenza kwazo ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, ngisho nasezimweni ezinzima.

4. Igalelo Emandleni Aphezulu Emishini

Nakuba amandla okugcina weimicu yengilaziiphinde ithonywe kakhulu nezici ezifana nokukhubazeka okungaphezulu kanye nokuqhekeka okuncane, amandla abo etiyetha ngokuyinhloko asukela kumabhondi aqinile we-Si-O kanye nesakhiwo senethiwekhi esinezinhlangothi ezintathu.

• I-High Bond Energy:Amandla ebhondi ebhondi ye-Si-O aphakeme kakhulu, okwenza uhlaka lwamathambo engilazi ngokwalo luqine ngokwedlulele, lunikeze ifayibha amandla aqinile aphezulu kanye nemodulus enwebekayo.

5. Ukunikeza Izakhiwo Ezikahle Zokushisa

• I-Coefficient Yokunweba Okushisayo Ephansi:I-silica ngokwayo ine-coefficient ephansi kakhulu yokwanda okushisayo. Ngenxa yokuthi isebenza njengohlaka lwamathambo amakhulu, i-E-glass nayo ine-coefficient ephansi yokwandisa okushisayo. Lokhu kusho ukuthi inokuqina okuhle kohlangothi ngesikhathi sokushintsha kwezinga lokushisa futhi mancane amathuba okuthi ikhiqize ingcindezi eyeqile ngenxa yokwanda nokuncipha kwezinga lokushisa.
• Indawo Yokuthambisa Okuphezulu:Iphoyinti lokuncibilika le-silica liphezulu kakhulu (cishe 1723∘C). Nakuba ukungezwa kwamanye ama-oxide aguquguqukayo kwehlisa izinga lokushisa lokugcina elincibilikayo le-E-glass, umongo wayo we-SiO2 usaqinisekisa ukuthi ingilazi inendawo yokuthambisa ephezulu ngokwanele nokuzinza okushisayo ukuze ihlangabezane nezidingo zezinhlelo eziningi zokusebenza.

Ngo ejwayelekileIngilazi ye-Eukwakheka, okuqukethwe kwe-silica kuvame ukuba ngu-52%−56% (ngesisindo), okwenza kube ingxenye eyodwa enkulu ye-oxide. Ichaza izici eziyisisekelo zengilazi.

Ukwahlukaniswa Kwezabasebenzi phakathi kwama-Oxides ku-E-Glass:

• SiO2(Silika): Amathambo amakhulu; inikeza ukuqina kwesakhiwo, ukufakwa kukagesi, ukuqina kwamakhemikhali, namandla.
• Al2O3(Alumina): Inethiwekhi yokusiza yangaphambili kanye nesiqinisi; kwandisa ukuzinza kwamakhemikhali, amandla emishini, futhi kunciphisa ukuthambekela kwe-devitrification.
• B2O3(I-Boron oxide): I-Flux nesilungisi sempahla; kwehlisa kakhulu izinga lokushisa elincibilikayo (ukonga amandla) ngenkathi kuthuthukiswa izakhiwo ezishisayo nezikagesi.
• I-CaO/MgO(I-Calcium Oxide/Magnesium Oxide): I-Flux ne-stabilizer; isiza ekuncibilikeni futhi ilungise ukuqina kwamakhemikhali kanye nezakhiwo ze-devitrification.