Indima Eyinhloko ye-Silica (SiO2​) ku-E-Glass

I-Silica (SiO2) idlala indima ebaluleke kakhulu futhi eyisisekelo ku-Ingilazi ye-E, yakha isisekelo sazo zonke izakhiwo zayo ezinhle kakhulu. Kalula nje, i-silica “iyi-network yangaphambili” noma “i-skeleton” ye-E-glass. Umsebenzi wayo ungahlukaniswa ngokukhethekile kulezi zindawo ezilandelayo:

1. Ukwakheka Kwesakhiwo Senethiwekhi Yengilazi (Umsebenzi Oyinhloko)

Lona umsebenzi oyisisekelo kakhulu we-silica. I-Silica iyi-oxide eyakha ingilazi ngokwayo. I-SiO4​ tetrahedra yayo ixhunywe komunye nomunye ngokuxhumanisa ama-athomu e-oxygen, yakha isakhiwo senethiwekhi esiqhubekayo, esiqinile, nesihleliwe esinezinhlangothi ezintathu.

• Isifaniso:Lokhu kufana nohlaka lwensimbi lwendlu eyakhiwayo. I-Silica inikeza uhlaka oluyinhloko lwesakhiwo sonke sengilazi, kanti ezinye izingxenye (njenge-calcium oxide, i-aluminium oxide, i-boron oxide, njll.) ziyizinto ezigcwalisa noma eziguqula loluhlaka ukuze zilungise ukusebenza.
• Ngaphandle kwalesi sikhumba se-silica, into ezinzile efana nengilazi ayinakwakheka.

2. Ukuhlinzekwa Kokusebenza Okuhle Kakhulu Kokuvimbela Ukushisa Kukagesi

• Ukumelana Okuphezulu Kukagesi:I-Silica ngokwayo inokunyakaza okuphansi kakhulu kwama-ion, futhi isibopho samakhemikhali (isibopho se-Si-O) sizinzile futhi siqinile, okwenza kube nzima ukwenza ama-ion. Inethiwekhi eqhubekayo eyakhayo ivimbela kakhulu ukunyakaza kwamashaji kagesi, inikeze i-E-glass ukumelana okuphezulu kakhulu kwevolumu kanye nokumelana nomphezulu.
• Ukulahlekelwa Okungaguquki Kwe-Dielectric Okuphansi kanye Nokulahlekelwa Okuphansi Kwe-Dielectric:Izakhiwo ze-dielectric ze-E-glass zizinzile kakhulu kuma-frequency aphezulu kanye namazinga okushisa aphezulu. Lokhu kungenxa kakhulu yokulingana kanye nokuqina kwesakhiwo senethiwekhi ye-SiO2, okuholela ezingeni eliphansi le-polarization kanye nokulahlekelwa kwamandla amancane (ukuguqulwa kube ukushisa) ensimini kagesi ene-frequency ephezulu. Lokhu kwenza kube kuhle ukusetshenziswa njengento yokuqinisa kumabhodi wesekethe kagesi (ama-PCB) kanye nama-insulator ane-voltage ephezulu.

3. Ukuqinisekisa Ukuqina Okuhle Kwamakhemikhali

Ingilazi ye-E ikhombisa ukumelana okuhle kakhulu namanzi, ama-asidi (ngaphandle kwe-hydrofluoric kanye ne-hot phosphoric acid), kanye namakhemikhali.

• Ubuso obungasebenzi:Inethiwekhi ye-Si-O-Si ebanzi inomsebenzi ophansi kakhulu wamakhemikhali futhi ayisebenzi kalula ngamanzi noma ama-ion e-H+. Ngakho-ke, ukumelana kwayo ne-hydrolysis kanye nokumelana ne-asidi kuhle kakhulu. Lokhu kuqinisekisa ukuthi izinto ezihlanganisiwe eziqiniswe yi-E-glass fiber zigcina ukusebenza kwazo isikhathi eside, ngisho nasezindaweni ezinzima.

4. Umnikelo Emandleni Aphezulu Emishini

Nakuba amandla okugcinaimicu yengilazifuthi kuthonywa kakhulu yizici ezifana nokukhubazeka kobuso kanye nokuqhekeka okuncane, amandla azo enkolelo-mbono asuka kakhulu ezibophweni eziqinile ze-Si-O kanye nesakhiwo senethiwekhi esinezinhlangothi ezintathu.

• Amandla Ebhondi Ephakeme:Amandla esibopho sesibopho se-Si-O aphezulu kakhulu, okwenza uhlaka lwengilazi ngokwalo luqine kakhulu, okunikeza i-fiber amandla aphezulu okuthambekela kanye ne-modulus enwebekayo.

5. Ukunikeza Izakhiwo Ezifanele Zokushisa

• Isilinganiso Sokwanda Okuphansi Kokushisa:I-Silica ngokwayo ine-coefficient ephansi kakhulu yokwanda kokushisa. Ngenxa yokuthi isebenza njengohlaka oluyinhloko, i-E-glass nayo ine-coefficient yokwanda kokushisa ephansi kakhulu. Lokhu kusho ukuthi inokuqina okuhle kobukhulu ngesikhathi sokushintsha kwezinga lokushisa futhi cishe ayinawo amathuba okudala ukucindezeleka okukhulu ngenxa yokwanda kokushisa kanye nokufinyela.
• Indawo Yokuthambisa Ephakeme:Iphuzu lokuncibilika kwe-silica liphezulu kakhulu (cishe ngo-1723∘C). Nakuba ukwengezwa kwamanye ama-oxide agelezayo kwehlisa izinga lokushisa lokugcina lokuncibilika kwe-E-glass, i-SiO2​ core yayo isaqinisekisa ukuthi ingilazi inephuzu lokuncibilika eliphezulu ngokwanele kanye nokuqina kokushisa ukuze kuhlangatshezwane nezidingo zezicelo eziningi.

NgokwejwayelekileIngilazi ye-EUkwakheka, okuqukethwe kwe-silica kuvame ukuba ngu-52%−56% (ngesisindo), okwenza kube yingxenye eyodwa enkulu ye-oxide. Ichaza izakhiwo eziyisisekelo zengilazi.

Ukuhlukaniswa Kwemisebenzi Phakathi Kwama-Oxides Ku-E-Glass:

• I-SiO2(I-Silica): Uhlaka oluyinhloko; inikeza ukuzinza kwesakhiwo, ukuvikela ugesi, ukuqina kwamakhemikhali, kanye namandla.
• I-Al2​O3​(I-Alumina): Inethiwekhi yokusiza yangaphambili kanye ne-stabilizerkwandisa ukuzinza kwamakhemikhali, amandla okusebenza, futhi kunciphisa ukuthambekela kokukhishwa kwe-vitrification.
• B2​O3​(I-Boron Oxide): I-Flux kanye nokuguqulwa kwesakhiwo; kunciphisa kakhulu izinga lokushisa lokuncibilika (ukonga amandla) ngenkathi kuthuthukiswa izakhiwo zokushisa nezogesi.
• I-CaO/MgO(I-Calcium Oxide/i-Magnesium Oxide): I-Flux kanye ne-stabilizer; kusiza ekuncibilikiseni futhi kulungisa ukuqina kwamakhemikhali kanye nezakhiwo zokuguqula i-vitrification.