Izinto ezihlanganisiwe sezibe yizinto ezifanelekile zokukhiqiza izindiza ezisezingeni eliphansi ngenxa yokukhanya kwazo, amandla aphezulu, ukumelana nokugqwala kanye nokuqina kwazo. Kulesi sikhathi somnotho osezingeni eliphansi ophishekela ukusebenza kahle, impilo yebhethri kanye nokuvikelwa kwemvelo, ukusetshenziswa kwezinto ezihlanganisiwe akuthinti nje kuphela ukusebenza kanye nokuphepha kwezindiza, kodwa futhi kuyisihluthulelo sokukhuthaza intuthuko yomkhakha wonke.
I-carbon fibreizinto ezihlanganisiwe
Ngenxa yokukhanya kwayo okulula, amandla aphezulu, ukumelana nokugqwala kanye nezinye izici, i-carbon fiber isibe yinto efanelekile yokukhiqiza izindiza ezisezingeni eliphansi. Ayikwazi nje ukunciphisa isisindo sezindiza, kodwa futhi ithuthukise ukusebenza kanye nezinzuzo zomnotho, futhi ibe yindawo ephumelelayo yokufaka esikhundleni sezinto zensimbi zendabuko. Izinto ezingaphezu kuka-90% zezinto ezihlanganisiwe ezimotweni ze-skycar ziyi-carbon fiber, kanti ezisele ezingaba ngu-10% ziyi-glass fiber. Ezindizeni ze-eVTOL, i-carbon fiber isetshenziswa kabanzi ezingxenyeni zesakhiwo kanye nezinhlelo zokunyakaza, ezibalelwa cishe ku-75-80%, kuyilapho izinhlelo zangaphakathi ezifana nezinsimbi nezakhiwo zezihlalo zibalwa ku-12-14%, kanti izinhlelo zebhethri kanye nemishini ye-avionics zibalwa ku-8-12%.
I-Fiberizinto ezihlanganisiwe zengilazi
Ipulasitiki eqiniswe nge-fiberglass (GFRP), enokumelana kwayo nokugqwala, ukumelana nokushisa okuphezulu nokuphansi, ukumelana nemisebe, izici ezivimbela ilangabi kanye nokulwa nokuguga, idlala indima ebalulekile ekwakhiweni kwezindiza ezisezingeni eliphansi njenge-drones. Ukusetshenziswa kwale nto kusiza ukunciphisa isisindo sendiza, ukwandisa umthwalo, ukonga amandla, kanye nokufeza umklamo omuhle wangaphandle. Ngakho-ke, i-GFRP isibe ngenye yezinto ezibalulekile emnothweni wezinga eliphansi.
Enqubweni yokukhiqiza izindiza ezisezingeni eliphansi, indwangu ye-fiberglass isetshenziswa kabanzi ekwakhiweni kwezingxenye ezibalulekile zesakhiwo njengezinhlaka zomoya, amaphiko, kanye nemisila. Izici zayo ezilula zisiza ekuthuthukiseni ukusebenza kahle kohambo lwendiza futhi zinikeze amandla aqinile esakhiwo kanye nokuqina.
Ezingxenyeni ezidinga ukuvuleka kwamagagasi okuhle kakhulu, njenge-radomes kanye nama-fairings, izinto ezihlanganisiwe ze-fiberglass zivame ukusetshenziswa. Isibonelo, i-UAV ende esezingeni eliphezulu kanye ne-US Air Force's RQ-4 “Global Hawk” uav zisebenzisa izinto ezihlanganisiwe ze-carbon fiber zamaphiko azo, umsila, indawo yenjini kanye ne-fuselage yangemuva, kuyilapho i-radome kanye ne-fairing zenziwe ngezinto ezihlanganisiwe ze-fiberglass ukuqinisekisa ukudluliswa kwesignali okucacile.
Indwangu ye-fiberglass ingasetshenziswa ukwenza amafasitela endiza, okungagcini nje ngokuthuthukisa ukubukeka nobuhle bendiza, kodwa futhi kuthuthukisa induduzo yokugibela. Ngokufanayo, ekwakhiweni kwesathelayithi, indwangu yefayibha yengilazi ingasetshenziswa futhi ukwakha isakhiwo sangaphandle samaphaneli elanga nama-antenna, ngaleyo ndlela kuthuthukiswe ukubukeka nokuthembeka kokusebenza kwamasathelayithi.
I-Aramid fiberizinto ezihlanganisiwe
Izinto eziyinhloko ze-aramid paper honeycomb ezakhiwe ngesakhiwo esinama-hexagonal se-bionic natural honeycomb zihlonishwa kakhulu ngamandla azo amahle kakhulu, ukuqina okuqondile kanye nokuqina kwesakhiwo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, le nto inezinto ezinhle zokuvimbela umsindo, ukuvimbela ukushisa kanye nezakhiwo zokuvimbela ilangabi, kanti intuthu kanye nobuthi obukhiqizwa ngesikhathi sokusha kuphansi kakhulu. Lezi zici zenza ukuthi ithathe indawo ekusetshenzisweni okuphezulu kwezindiza kanye nezindlela zokuhamba ezisheshayo.
Nakuba izindleko zezinto eziyinhloko ze-aramid paper honeycomb ziphakeme, zivame ukukhethwa njengezinto ezilula eziyinhloko zemishini ephezulu njengezindiza, ama-missile, nama-satellite, ikakhulukazi ekwakhiweni kwezingxenye zesakhiwo ezidinga ukungena kwamagagasi e-broadband kanye nokuqina okuphezulu.
Izinzuzo ezilula
Njengezinto ezibalulekile zokwakha i-fuselage, iphepha le-aramid lidlala indima ebalulekile ezindizeni ezinkulu ezingabizi kakhulu eziphakeme njenge-eVTOL, ikakhulukazi njengesendlalelo sesandwich se-carbon fiber honeycomb.
Emkhakheni wezimoto zasemoyeni ezingenamuntu, izinto ze-Nomex honeycomb (iphepha le-aramid) nazo zisetshenziswa kabanzi, zisetshenziswa egobolondweni le-fuselage, esikhumbeni sephiko kanye nasemkhawulweni oholayo nakwezinye izingxenye.
Okunyeizinto ezihlanganisiwe zesangweji
Izindiza eziphansi, njengezimoto zasemoyeni ezingenamuntu, ngaphezu kokusebenzisa izinto eziqinisiwe njenge-carbon fiber, i-glass fiber kanye ne-aramid fiber enqubweni yokukhiqiza, izinto zokwakha zesandwich ezifana ne-honeycomb, ifilimu, ipulasitiki ye-foam kanye ne-foam glue nazo zisetshenziswa kabanzi.
Ekukhetheni izinto zesandwich, ezivame ukusetshenziswa yisandwich ye-honeycomb (njenge-honeycomb yephepha, i-honeycomb ye-Nomex, njll.), isandwich yokhuni (njenge-birch, i-paulownia, iphayini, i-basswood, njll.) kanye nesandwich ye-foam (njenge-polyurethane, i-polyvinyl chloride, i-polystyrene foam, njll.).
Isakhiwo se-sandwich se-foam sisetshenziswe kabanzi ekwakhiweni kwama-airframe e-UAV ngenxa yezici zaso ezingangeni manzi nezintantayo kanye nezinzuzo zobuchwepheshe zokukwazi ukugcwalisa izikhala zesakhiwo sangaphakathi sephiko nephiko lomsila lilonke.
Uma uklama ama-UAV asheshayo, izakhiwo zesandwich zezinyosi zivame ukusetshenziselwa izingxenye ezinezidingo zamandla aphansi, izimo ezijwayelekile, izindawo ezinkulu ezigobile futhi okulula ukuzibeka, njengezindawo zokuzinzisa amaphiko angaphambili, izindawo zokuzinzisa umsila oqondile, izindawo zokuzinzisa amaphiko, njll. Ezingxenyeni ezinezimo eziyinkimbinkimbi nezindawo ezincane ezigobile, njengezindawo ze-elevator, izindawo ze-rudder, izindawo ze-aileron rudder, njll., izakhiwo zesandwich ze-foam ziyathandwa. Ezakhiweni zesandwich ezidinga amandla aphezulu, izakhiwo zesandwich zokhuni zingakhethwa. Kulezo zingxenye ezidinga amandla aphezulu nokuqina okuphezulu, njengesikhumba se-fuselage, i-T-beam, i-L-beam, njll., isakhiwo se-laminate sivame ukusetshenziswa. Ukwenziwa kwalezi zingxenye kudinga ukulungiswa kwangaphambili, futhi ngokuya ngokuqina okudingekayo ngaphakathi, amandla okugoba, ukuqina kwe-torsional kanye nezidingo zamandla, khetha i-fiber eqinisiwe efanele, izinto ze-matrix, okuqukethwe kwe-fiber kanye ne-laminate, bese uklama ama-engeli okubeka ahlukene, izendlalelo kanye nokulandelana kwezingqimba, bese uphulukisa amazinga okushisa ahlukene kanye nokucindezela kokucindezela.
Isikhathi sokuthunyelwe: Novemba-22-2024
