Kusukela Etsheni Eliqinile Kuya Esimangalisweni Sobuchwepheshe: Ukuguqulwa Kwe-Quartz Glass Fiber

Iyini i-fiber yengilazi ye-quartz?

I-fiber yengilazi ye-quartziyinto yefayibha engaphili ene-silicon dioxide (SiO₂) yobumsulwa obungu-≥99.9% njengengxenye yayo eyinhloko. Ikhiqizwa ngenqubo yokudweba induku ye-silica ehlanganisiwe. Le nto yefayibha ihlanganisa izici eziningi ezinhle kakhulu nezakhiwo ze-quartz eqinile, okwenza ibe yinto enhle kakhulu evikela ukushisa okuphezulu. Ingahlanganiswa futhi ne-ceramics, i-alumina, i-nitrides, nezinye izinto ngezindlela ezahlukene ukudala izinto ezihlanganisiwe ezinezakhiwo ezikhethekile. Intambo yefayibha ye-quartz yenziwa ngokusonta nokunamathisela imicu eluhlaza.

Kungani i-quartz fiber inamandla kangaka, futhi yiziphi izakhiwo zayo ezinhle kakhulu?

1. I-fiber yengilazi ye-quartz inokumelana okuhle kakhulu nokushisa okuphezulu. Izinga layo lokusebenza lesikhathi eside lingu-1050-1200℃, futhi ukumelana kwayo nokushisa okusheshayo kufinyelela ku-1700℃. Igcina amandla aphezulu ngaphansi kwezimo zokushisa okuphezulu, imelana nokushaqeka kokushisa kanye nokususwa kokushisa, futhi ingasetshenziswa ekuvikelweni kokushisa kwezindiza, kuma-nozzle enjini ye-rocket, kanye nezinto zokuvikela ukushisa okuphezulu.

2. Inezici ezinhle kakhulu ze-dielectric kanye nokudluliswa kwamagagasi okuhle. I-dielectric constant yayo iphansi njengo-3.7, kanti i-dielectric loss coefficient yayo i-<0.001>. Inokulahlekelwa kokudluliselwa kwesignali okuphansi kwemvamisa ephezulu kanye nokudluliswa kwamagagasi aphezulu (kufika ku-99.3%), okungenye yezici ezibalulekile zokusebenza ezenza ifaneleke kuma-radar domes, ama-antenna radomes, ama-substrates okuxhumana e-5G, kanye namadivayisi okuvikela ama-missile.

3. I-fibre ye-quartz inamandla aphezulu okusebenza. Amandla ayo okudonsa angafinyelela ku->1500MPa, ubuningi obungu-2.29g/cm³, isakhiwo esilula kodwa esinamandla aphezulu, kunciphisa isisindo semishini ngenkathi kugcinwa ukuqina. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ingahlanganiswa nezinye izinto zokwakha ukuqinisa okuhlanganisiwe okusebenzayo kakhulu, okwenza kube yinto ebalulekile yezingxenye zesakhiwo sesathelayithi.

4. Ukuqina kwayo okuhle kwamakhemikhali kuyaphawuleka. Ngokuqukethwe kwe-SiO₂ okungu-≥99.9%, ikhombisa ukungangeni kwamakhemikhali okuqinile kanye nokumelana nokugqwala, ivumelana nezimo zamakhemikhali ezinzima. Lokhu kwenza kube ukukhetha okuhle kwemishini yokucubungula i-semiconductor, izinto zokuhlunga ezishisa kakhulu, kanye nabathwali bamakhemikhali.

Imikhiqizo eyenziwe nge-fiber yengilazi ye-quartz isetshenziswa emikhakheni eminingi.

1. I-Quartz wool kanye ne-quartz wool felt zijwayelekile kulabo abenza izivivinyo zokushisa okuphezulu. Lezi yizintambo ezimfushane ezithambile ezenziwe ngezintambo ze-quartz eziphefumulayo noma ezidonswe, ezingasetshenziswa ngqo noma zenziwe i-felt. 1. I-Quartz wool ibonakala ngokuthungwa kwayo okulula, okunezimbobo kanye nokushisa okuphansi, okwenza kube yinto enhle kakhulu yokushisa ephezulu. Ivame ukusetshenziswa ezingqimbeni zokushisa zemikhumbi-mkhathi noma emishinini yokushisa ephezulu yezimboni. Izingxenye zokushisa ezimhlophe, ezithambile, ezifana nekotini kanye nezingxenye zokushisa ezifana ne-quilt ezisekelweni ezitsheni zamashubhu elabhorethri kanye nezitofu zokushisa ezi-annealing ziyi-quartz wool kanye ne-quartz wool felt.

2. Ukusika okuqhubekayoimicu ye-quartzngobude obunqunyiwe kuveza imicu ye-quartz eqoshiwe. Lokhu kungaxutshwa kuma-resin amelana nokushisa okuphezulu njengama-ejenti okuqinisa kanye nama-ejenti okudlulisa amagagasi, bese kuhlanganiswa ndawonye ukuze kudalwe izinto ezivimbela ukushisa noma zokuvimbela ukushisa zokukhiqiza izingxenye ezifana nama-missile radomes.

3. Intambo ye-quartz fiber iyintambo eqhubekayo futhi isebenza njengesisekelo sokweluka okulandelayo. Njengenye yezintambo ezingaphili eziguquguqukayo ezingamelana nokushisa futhi ezisebenza kahle ngogesi, ivame ukusetshenziswa njengesigaba sokuqinisa ukweluka izindwangu ezahlukahlukene noma ngqo ekugoqeni nasekubumbeni izinto ezihlanganisiwe. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ubuchwepheshe bokweluka obuthuthukisiwe obunezinhlangothi ezintathu buvumela ukuthi le micu ihlanganiswe esikhaleni. Lesi sakhiwo sinobuqotho obuqinile, okwenza kube yindawo engenalutho efanelekile yokukhiqiza izingxenye eziyinkimbinkimbi, ezithwala umthwalo omningi njengemibhobho yenjini yerokhethi.

4. Indwangu yefayibha ye-quartzilukiwe ngentambo kusetshenziswa i-plain weave, i-twill weave, i-satin weave, nezinye izinqubo. Njengezinto zokuqinisa, ihlanganiswa nama-matrices afana ne-polyimide ne-epoxy resin ukukhiqiza izingxenye zesakhiwo ezishisa kakhulu zezindiza, amarokhethi, kanye nemicibisholo, kanye nezinto ezivikela ukushisa noma ezingamelani nokushisa kwama-antenna e-satellite kanye namabhodi wesekethe aphrintiwe ngemvamisa ephezulu.