Izinhlobo Ezivamile Ze-Glass Fiber Mats Nezindwangu

I-Glass Fiber Mats

1.I-Chopped Strand Mat (CSM)I-Glass fiber roving(ngezinye izikhathi futhi nokuzulazula okuqhubekayo) kusikwa kube ubude obungu-50mm, ngokungahleliwe kodwa ngokulinganayo kubekwe ebhandeni elinenetha elihambayo. Khona-ke kufakwa i-emulsion binder, noma i-powder binder igaywe ngothuli, futhi impahla iyashiswa futhi yelashwe ukuze kwakheke umata osikiwe. I-CSM isetshenziswa kakhulu ekwakhiweni kwezandla, ekwenziweni kwamaphaneli okuqhubekayo, ekubumbeni ukufa okufanisiwe, kanye nezinqubo ze-SMC (Sheet Molding Compound). Izimfuneko zekhwalithi ze-CSM zifaka:

• Isisindo sendawo efanayo ngobubanzi.
• Ukusatshalaliswa okulinganayo kwemicu eqoshiwe endaweni ye-mata engenawo ama-void amakhulu, nokusabalalisa okuhlanganisa okufanayo.
• Amandla omethi owomile amaphakathi.
• Izakhiwo ezinhle kakhulu zokumanzisa i-resin kanye nokungena.

2.I-Continuous Filament Mat (CFM)Imicu ye-glass filaments eqhubekayo eyakhiwe ngesikhathi sokudweba noma ukuqaqa amaphakheji azulazulayo abekwe phansi ngephethini yesibalo-yesishiyagalombili ebhandeni elinezikhala elinyakazayo futhi liboshwe nge-powder binder. Njengoba imicu ku-CFM iqhubekayo, ihlinzeka ngokuqiniswa okungcono ezintweni eziyinhlanganisela kune-CSM. Isetshenziswa kakhulu ku-pultrusion, i-RTM (i-Resin Transfer Molding), ukubumba isikhwama sokucindezela, kanye nezinqubo ze-GMT (Glass Mat Reinforced Thermoplastics).

3.I-Surface MatImikhiqizo ye-FRP (Fiber Reinforced Plastic) ivamise ukudinga ungqimba olungaphezulu olunothe nge-resin, olutholakala kusetshenziswa ingilazi ye-alkali ephakathi nendawo (ingilazi engu-C) engaphezulu. Njengoba le mat yenziwe nge-C-glass, inikeza i-FRP ukumelana namakhemikhali, ikakhulukazi ukumelana ne-asidi. Ukwengeza, ngenxa yobuncane bayo kanye nobubanzi be-fiber ecolekile, ingakwazi ukumunca inhlaka eningi ukuze yakhe ungqimba olunothe nge-resin, emboza ukuthungwa kwezinto eziqinisa i-fiber fiber (njenge-roving elukiweyo) futhi isebenze njengendawo engaphezulu.

4.I-Mat EdingekayoIngahlukaniswa nge-Chopped Fiber Needled Mat kanye ne-Continuous Filament Needled Mat.

•  I-Fiber Needed Mat eqoshiweyenziwa ngokusika i-glass fiber izungeza ibe ubude obungu-50mm, ibekwe ngokungahleliwe phezu kwe-substrate eyayibekwe ngaphambili ebhandeni lokuthutha, bese ihlonywa ngezinaliti ezihlabayo. Izinaliti zisunduza imicu eqoshiwe ingene engxenyeni engaphansi, futhi ama-barbs abuye alethe imicu ethile phezulu, enze isakhiwo esinezinhlangothi ezintathu. I-substrate esetshenzisiwe ingaba indwangu eboshwe ngokukhululekile yengilazi noma eminye imicu. Lolu hlobo lwe-mat enenaliti lunokuthungwa okuzwakalayo. Ukusetshenziswa kwayo okuyinhloko kufaka phakathi izinto zokufakelwa ezishisayo ne-acoustic, izinto zokugqoka, nezinto zokuhlunga. Ingasetshenziswa futhi ekukhiqizeni kwe-FRP, kodwa i-FRP ewumphumela inamandla aphansi kanye nobubanzi bohlelo lokusebenza obulinganiselwe.
•  I-Filament Eqhubekayo Needed Matyenziwa ngokujikijela ngokungahleliwe imicu ye-filaments yengilazi eqhubekayo ebhandeni elinenetha eliqhubekayo kusetshenziswa idivayisi yokusakaza imicu, kulandele ukuhlohlwa ngebhodi yenaliti ukuze kwakheke umata onohlaka olulukiweyo lwefiber enezinhlangothi ezintathu. Le mat isetshenziswa ngokuyinhloko ekukhiqizeni amashidi e-glass fibre aqiniswe nge-thermoplastic stampable.

5.I-MatImicu yengilazi eqotshiwe esukela ku-50mm kuya ku-60cm ubude ingathungwa ndawonye ngomshini wokuthunga ukuze yakhe i-fibre mat eqotshiwe noma i-fiber mat ende. Eyangaphambili ingangena esikhundleni se-CSM eboshiwe yendabuko kwezinye izinhlelo zokusebenza, futhi lena yakamuva ingakwazi, ngokwezinga elithile, esikhundleni se-CFM. Izinzuzo zabo ezivamile ukungabikho kwezibophezelo, ukugwema ukungcola ngesikhathi sokukhiqiza, ukusebenza kahle kwe-resin impregnation, kanye nezindleko eziphansi.

Izindwangu ze-Glass Fiber

Okulandelayo kwethula izindwangu ezihlukahlukene ze-glass fiber ezilukwe ngazoizintambo ze-glass fiber.

1.Indwangu YengilaziIndwangu yengilazi ekhiqizwa eChina ihlukaniswe ngezinhlobo ze-alkali-free (E-glass) kanye ne-medium-alkali (C-glass); ukukhiqizwa okuningi kwamanye amazwe kusebenzisa i-E-GLASS i-alkali-free glass cloth. Indwangu yengilazi isetshenziswa ngokuyinhloko ukukhiqiza ama-laminates kagesi ahlukahlukene, amabhodi esekethe aphrintiwe, imizimba yezimoto, amathangi okugcina, izikebhe, isikhunta, njll. Indwangu yengilazi ye-alkali emaphakathi isetshenziswa kakhulu ukukhiqiza izindwangu zokupakisha eziboshwe ngepulasitiki kanye nezinhlelo zokusebenza ezimelana nokugqwala. Izici zendwangu zinqunywa izakhiwo zefayibha, ukuminyana kwe-warp ne-weft, ukwakheka kwentambo, nephethini yokuluka. Ukuminyana kwe-warp ne-weft kunqunywa ukwakheka kwentambo kanye nephethini yokuluka. Inhlanganisela ye-warp ne-weft density kanye nesakhiwo sentambo inquma izici ezibonakalayo zendwangu, njengesisindo, ukujiya, namandla okuphuka. Kunamaphethini okuluka amahlanu ayisisekelo: ithafa (elifana nokuzulazula okulukiweyo), i-twill (ngokuvamile ±45°), i-satin (efana nendwangu engaqondile), i-leno (i-mesh eyinhloko ye-glass fiber mesh), kanye nama-matts (afana nendwangu ye-oxford).

2.I-Glass Fiber TapeIhlukaniswe ibe yitheyiphu yonqenqema olulukiweyo (umphetho we-selvage) kanye ne-non-woven-edge tape (umphetho ophukile). Iphethini eyinhloko yokuluka ilula. I-alkali-free glass fiber tape ivame ukusetshenziselwa ukwenza izingxenye zemishini kagesi ezidinga amandla aphezulu kanye nezakhiwo ezinhle ze-dielectric.

3.Indwangu ye-Glass Fiber Unidirectional

•  Indwangu ye-Warp Unidirectionaliyindwangu yamahhanisi amane ephukile ye-satin noma indwangu ye-satin ene-shaft ende elukwe ngezintambo ezimahhadla zokuluka kanye nemicu emihle yokuluka. Isici sayo singamandla aphezulu ngokuyinhloko ekuqondeni kwe-warp (0°).
• Kukhona futhiIndwangu ye-Glass Fiber Unidirectional Weft, etholakala kuzo zombili izinhlobo ze-warp-knitted nezilukiweyo. Ibonakala ngezintambo ezimahhadla ze-weft kanye nezintambo eziqondile ze-warp, ezinezintambo ze-glass fibre eziqondiswe kakhulu ohlangothini lwe-weft, zinikeza amandla aphezulu lapho siya khona (90°).

4.Indwangu ye-Glass Fiber 3D (Indwangu ye-Stereoscopic)Izindwangu ze-3D zihlobene nezindwangu ezihleliwe. Izici zabo zesakhiwo ziye zashintsha ukusuka kuhlangothi olulodwa kanye no-2-dimensional ukuya ku-ntathu-dimensional, okunikeza izinto eziyinhlanganisela eziqiniswe yizo ubuqotho obuhle nokuvumelana, ukuthuthukisa ngokuphawulekayo amandla okugunda kwe-interlaminar kanye nokubekezelelana kokulwa nokulimala kwezinhlanganisela. Zathuthukiswa ukuze zihlangabezane nezidingo ezikhethekile zomkhakha we-aerospace, izindiza, izikhali, nezasolwandle, futhi isicelo sazo manje sesinwetshiwe ukuze sifake ezezimoto, izimpahla zezemidlalo, nemishini yezokwelapha. Kunezigaba ezinhlanu eziyinhloko: izindwangu ezilukiwe ze-3D, izindwangu ezilukiwe ze-3D, izindwangu ze-3D ezingezona ze-orthogonal nezingezona ze-orthogonal, izindwangu ezilukiwe ze-3D, nezinye izinhlobo zezindwangu ze-3D. Umumo wezindwangu ze-3D uhlanganisa ibhulokhi, ikholomu, i-tubular, ikhoni encishisiwe engenalutho, kanye nezingxenye eziphambanayo ezinobukhulu obuguquguqukayo.

5.Indwangu ye-Glass Fiber Preform (Indwangu Emise Ngayo)Ukuma kwezindwangu ze-preform kufana kakhulu nokuma komkhiqizo okuhloswe ngawo ukuqinisa, futhi kufanele kuhlanganiswe kuma-looms azinikele. Izindwangu ezimise okwe-Symmetrical zihlanganisa: amakepisi ayindilinga, amakhoni, izigqoko, izindwangu ezimise okwe-dumbbell, njll. Amajamo angalingani njengamabhokisi nezikebhe zezikebhe nawo angakhiqizwa.

6.Indwangu ye-Glass Fiber Core (Indwangu Ethungayo Ngokuqina)Indwangu ewumgogodla iqukethe izendlalelo ezimbili ezihambisanayo zendwangu exhunywe imicu eqondile ye-longitudinal. Ukwakheka kwayo okuphambanayo kungaba ngunxantathu, unxande, noma ikhekheba lezinyosi.

7.Indwangu Ehlanganisiwe Ye-Glass Fiber (Umata Olukiwe noma Umata Olukiwe)Ihlukile ezindwangu ezijwayelekile kanye nomqondo ojwayelekile we-mat. Indwangu ejwayelekile kakhulu eboshwe nge-stitch yenziwa ngokwemboza ungqimba olulodwa lwentambo ye-warp kanye nongqimba olulodwa lwentambo ye-weft, bese ihlanganiswa ukuze yenze indwangu. Izinzuzo zezindwangu eziboshwe nge-stitch zihlanganisa:

• Ingakhuphula amandla okugcina eqinile, amandla e-anti-delamination ngaphansi kwe-tension, namandla aguquguqukayo ama-FRP laminates.
• Yehlisa isisindoImikhiqizo ye-FRP.
• Indawo eyisicaba yenza i-FRP surface bushelelezi.
• Kwenza kube lula ukusebenza kokubekwa kwezandla futhi kuthuthukise ukukhiqizwa kwabasebenzi. Le nto eqinisayo ingangena esikhundleni se-CFM ku-FRP ne-RTM ephuhliwe, futhi ingangena esikhundleni sokuzulazula okulukiweyo ekukhiqizeni ipayipi le-FRP eliyicentrifugal.